Enhancing wetland nitrogen removal through macrophyte harvest and installation of woodchips-based floating beds

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MARC

Choudhury, Maidul I.Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden (author)

Enhancing wetland nitrogen removal through macrophyte harvest and installation of woodchips-based floating beds

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-510410
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-510410URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Other funding: Stiftelsen Oscar och Lili Lamms Minne (grant no. FO2019-0012); Vattenmyndigheten Västerhavet
Constructed wetlands (CWs) remove nitrogen (N) more efficiently as wetlands age and vegetation establishes. However, when CWs become heavily overgrown and filled with plant litter and root mats, channels form and N removal declines. Here, management may maintain high N removal. We tested two CW management options 1) restoration through macrophyte harvesting including root mat removal, and 2) subsequent installation of woodchips-based floating beds (WFBs) to compensate macrophyte loss. In a field experiment, using 16 heavily overgrown experimental CWs, we applied four treatments: i) macrophyte harvesting, ii) macrophyte harvesting and 5% of the wetland surface covered with WFBs, iii) macrophyte harvesting and 20% WFB cover, and iv) a control treatment (heavily overgrown). WFBs were planted with Glyceria maxima and Filipendula ulmaria before installation. N removal efficiency, removal rate and removal rate coefficient ka were estimated on nine occasions. After the experiment, WFBs were removed and plant biomass accrual, N assimilation, and denitrification gene (nirS, nirK, nosZI and nosZII) abundance on plant roots and woodchips were studied.Macrophyte harvesting significantly improved N removal of heavily overgrown CWs, whereas WFBs installation only improved N removal in harvested treatments on some occasions. Both G. maxima and F. ulmaria grew well on WFBs. Relative biomass production, root length and root surface area were higher for G. maxima than for F. ulmaria whereas biomass N assimilation was higher for F. ulmaria. Denitrification gene abundance was higher on plant roots than on woodchips while G. maxima hosted higher root denitrification gene abundance than F. ulmaria. We conclude that macrophyte harvesting improves N removal in heavily overgrown CWs. Further long-term field studies are needed to precisely evaluate the contribution of WFBs to N removal in CWs.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Ekologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Ecology hsv//eng
Aquatic plants
floating wetlands
floating treatment
nitrogen uptake
denitrification potential
wetland restoration

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Hylander, SamuelDepartment of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden (author)
Nilsson, Josefin E.Uppsala universitet,Limnologi,Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden (author)
Hauber, MarcDepartment of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden (author)
Ehde, Per MagnusDepartment of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden (author)
Weisner, Stefan E.B.Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden (author)
Liess, AntoniaDepartment of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden (author)
Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, SwedenLimnologi (creator_code:org_t)

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By the author/editor: Choudhury, Maidu ...; Hylander, Samuel; Nilsson, Josefin ...; Hauber, Marc; Ehde, Per Magnus; Weisner, Stefan ...; show more...; Liess, Antonia; show less...

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NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Ecology

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