Herpes simplex virus infection downmodulates NKG2D ligand expression.

• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 infection may cause orofacial infections in humans. The virus resides in a latent form in neural ganglia and occasionally reactivates and infects epithelial cells. Natural killer (NK) cells have been implicated in immune control of herpes virus infections, possibly by downmodulating major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and by other, as yet unidentified, mechanisms. Upon HSV-1 infection of cell lines, surface levels of NKG2D ligands MHC class I related proteins (MIC) A and UL16 binding protein 2 were downmodulated due to late viral gene product(s). As also MHC class I levels were reduced by HSV-1, NK cell recognition of HeLa cells was not affected by infection. Total cellular MICA contents remained unchanged, suggesting masking, internalization or intracellular retention of MICA as possible mechanisms of viral downregualtion of MICA surface levels. Furthermore, NK cells from patients with active HSV-1 infection had a tendency towards increased expression level of the activating receptor NKG2D. These data support a role for NKG2D-MICA interactions in immune responses to HSV-1 reactivation.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Mikrobiologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Microbiology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Adolescent

Adult

Cell Line

Tumor

Cells

Cultured

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Female

Flow Cytometry

Gene Expression

drug effects

Hela Cells

Herpes Simplex

blood

immunology

virology

Herpesvirus 1

Human

genetics

immunology

Herpesvirus 2

Human

genetics

immunology

Histocompatibility Antigens Class I

genetics

metabolism

Humans

Immediate-Early Proteins

genetics

Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins

genetics

metabolism

Interleukin-15

pharmacology

Killer Cells

Natural

cytology

metabolism

virology

Ligands

Male

Middle Aged

Mutation

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

genetics

Young Adult

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)