Relationship Between Gut Microbiota, Energy Metabolism, and Obesity

• The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as an important regulator of energy metabolism. Alterations in gut microbiota composition have been associated with the presence of obesity, which is accompanied by a low-grade inflammatory state and increases the risk of several diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although causality still needs to be proven, there is a large body of evidence supporting a role for the gut microbiota in the development of obesity and the associated diseases. In this regard, prospective human trials targeting the gut microbiota, using, for example, probiotics or fecal transplantation, are needed. This approach may yield exciting novel diagnostic markers as well as therapeutic targets. In this chapter, we will describe several mechanisms, which may contribute to the influence of the gut microbiota on metabolism, including direct energy extraction from the diet, production of short-chain fatty acids, and bacterial translocation. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Bacterial translocation

Energy metabolism

Gut microbiota

Inflammation

Obesity

Short-chain fatty acids

Publikations- och innehållstyp

vet (ämneskategori)

kap (ämneskategori)