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  • Uvnäs-Moberg, KerstinSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för husdjurens miljö och hälsa (HMH),Department of Animal Environment and Health,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Environment and Health, Skara, Sweden (author)

Maternal plasma levels of oxytocin during breastfeeding-A systematic review

  • Article/chapterEnglish2020

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2020-08-05
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS),2020

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/296499
  • https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/296499URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235806DOI
  • https://res.slu.se/id/publ/107750URI
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-15704URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Introduction Oxytocin is a key hormone in breastfeeding. No recent review on plasma levels of oxytocin in response to breastfeeding is available. Materials and methods Systematic literature searches on breastfeeding induced oxytocin levels were conducted 2017 and 2019 in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Data on oxytocin linked effects and effects of medical interventions were included if available. Results We found 29 articles that met the inclusion criteria. All studies had an exploratory design and included 601 women. Data were extracted from the articles and summarised in tables. Breastfeeding induced an immediate and short lasting (20 minutes) release of oxytocin. The release was pulsatile early postpartum (5 pulses/10 minutes) and coalesced into a more protracted rise as lactation proceeded. Oxytocin levels were higher in multiparous versus primiparous women. The number of oxytocin pulses during early breastfeeding was associated with greater milk yield and longer duration of lactation and was reduced by stress. Breastfeeding-induced oxytocin release was associated with elevated prolactin levels; lowered ACTH and cortisol (stress hormones) and somatostatin (a gastrointestinal hormone) levels; enhanced sociability; and reduced anxiety, suggesting that oxytocin induces physiological and psychological adaptations in the mother. Mechanical breast pumping, but not bottle-feeding was associated with oxytocin and prolactin release and decreased stress levels. Emergency caesarean section reduced oxytocin and prolactin release in response to breastfeeding and also maternal mental adaptations. Epidural analgesia reduced prolactin and mental adaptation, whereas infusions of synthetic oxytocin increased prolactin and mental adaptation. Oxytocin infusion also restored negative effects induced by caesarean section and epidural analgesia. Conclusions Oxytocin is released in response to breastfeeding to cause milk ejection, and to induce physiological changes to promote milk production and psychological adaptations to facilitate motherhood. Stress and medical interventions during birth may influence these effects and thereby adversely affect the initiation of breastfeeding.

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Ekström, Anette,1958-Högskolan Väst,Avdelningen för omvårdnad - avancerad nivå,LOVHH LINA(Swepub:hv)aneeks (author)
  • Buckley, S.The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Herston, QLD, Australia (AUS) (author)
  • Massarotti, C.University of Genova, Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genova, Italy (ITA); Physiopathology of Human Reproduction Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy (ITA) (author)
  • Pajalic, Z.ID Specialized University, Faculty of Health Studies, Campus Diakonhjemmet, V Oslo, Norway (NOR) (author)
  • Luegmair, K.Berufs Bildung Zentrum Gesundheit Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany (DEU) (author)
  • Kotlowska, A.Medical University of Gdańsk, Department of Clinical & Experimental Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Subfaculty of Nursing and Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Gdańsk, Poland (POL) (author)
  • Lengler, L.Midwifery Education Unit, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany (DEU) (author)
  • Olza, I.University of Alcalá, Faculty of Medicine, Alcalá de Henares, Spain (ESP) (author)
  • Grylka-Baeschlin, S.Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Research Unit for Midwifery Science, Winterthur, Switzerland (CHE) (author)
  • Leahy-Warren, P.University College Cork, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Cork, Ireland (IRL) (author)
  • Hadjigeorgiu, E.Cyprus University of Technology, Nursing Department, Health Science, Limassol, Cyprus (CYP) (author)
  • Villarmea, S.University of Alcalá, Faculty of Philosophy, Alcalá de Henares, Spain (ESP); University of Oxford, Faculty of Philosophy, Oxford, United Kingdom, UK (GBR) (author)
  • Dencker, Anna,1956Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för vårdvetenskap och hälsa,Institute of Health and Care Sciences,University of Gothenburg, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg, Sweden(Swepub:gu)xdenan (author)
  • Sveriges lantbruksuniversitetInstitutionen för husdjurens miljö och hälsa (HMH) (creator_code:org_t)
  • Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet

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  • In:PLoS ONE: Public Library of Science (PLoS)15:81932-6203

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