Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sleep duration, sleep quality, and bone stiffness in European children and adolescents

• Summary: In this large perspective cohort among European children and adolescents, we observed that daytime napping was positively associated with bone stiffness, while short or long sleep duration combined with poor sleep quality was associated with less bone stiffness. Our findings are important for obtaining optimal bone stiffness in childhood. Introduction: To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sleep duration, sleep quality, and bone stiffness index (SI) in European children and adolescents. Methods: Four thousand eight hundred seventy-one children aged 2–11 years from the IDEFICS study and 861 children aged 6–15 years from the subsequent I.Family study were included. Sleep duration (i.e., nocturnal sleep and daytime napping) and sleep quality (i.e., irregularly bedtime routine, have difficulty falling asleep and trouble getting up in the morning) were reported by self-administrated questionnaires. Nocturnal sleep duration was converted into age-specific z-scores, and total sleep duration was classified into short, adequate, and long based on the National Sleep Recommendation. Calcaneal SI of both feet were measured using quantitative ultrasound. Linear mixed-effects models with country as a random effect were used, with adjustments for sex, age, pubertal status, family socioeconomic status, physical activity, screen time, body mass index, and daylight duration. Results: Nocturnal sleep duration z-scores were positively associated with SI percentiles among participants with adequate sleep duration at baseline. Moreover, the positive association between daytime napping and SI percentiles was more pronounced in participants with adequate sleep duration at baseline, while at 4-year follow-up was more pronounced in participants with short sleep duration. In addition, extreme sleep duration at baseline predicted lower SI percentiles after 4 years in participants with poor sleep quality. Conclusion: The positive associations between nocturnal sleep, daytime napping and SI depended on total sleep duration. Long-term detrimental effect of extreme sleep duration on SI only existed in individuals with poor sleep quality. © 2020, The Author(s).

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Pediatrik (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Pediatrics (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Bone stiffness index

Child health

Sleep duration

Sleep quality

adolescent

article

body mass

calcaneus

child

childhood

cohort analysis

controlled study

European

female

follow up

human

major clinical study

male

night sleep

physical activity

preschool child

quantitative analysis

questionnaire

rigidity

screen time

sleep deprivation

sleep time

social status

sunlight

ultrasound

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)