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  • Brusaferri, L. (author)

The pandemic brain: Neuroinflammation in non-infected individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic

  • Article/chapterEnglish2022

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • Elsevier BV,2022

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/314276
  • https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/314276URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2022.02.018DOI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English

Part of subdatabase

Classification

  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • While COVID-19 research has seen an explosion in the literature, the impact of pandemic-related societal and lifestyle disruptions on brain health among the uninfected remains underexplored. However, a global increase in the prevalence of fatigue, brain fog, depression and other “sickness behavior”-like symptoms implicates a possible dysregulation in neuroimmune mechanisms even among those never infected by the virus. We compared fifty-seven ‘Pre-Pandemic’ and fifteen ‘Pandemic’ datasets from individuals originally enrolled as control subjects for various completed, or ongoing, research studies available in our records, with a confirmed negative test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. We used a combination of multimodal molecular brain imaging (simultaneous positron emission tomography / magnetic resonance spectroscopy), behavioral measurements, imaging transcriptomics and serum testing to uncover links between pandemic-related stressors and neuroinflammation. Healthy individuals examined after the enforcement of 2020 lockdown/stay-at-home measures demonstrated elevated brain levels of two independent neuroinflammatory markers (the 18 kDa translocator protein, TSPO, and myoinositol) compared to pre-lockdown subjects. The serum levels of two inflammatory markers (interleukin-16 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) were also elevated, although these effects did not reach statistical significance after correcting for multiple comparisons. Subjects endorsing higher symptom burden showed higher TSPO signal in the hippocampus (mood alteration, mental fatigue), intraparietal sulcus and precuneus (physical fatigue), compared to those reporting little/no symptoms. Post-lockdown TSPO signal changes were spatially aligned with the constitutive expression of several genes involved in immune/neuroimmune functions. This work implicates neuroimmune activation as a possible mechanism underlying the non-virally-mediated symptoms experienced by many during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies will be needed to corroborate and further interpret these preliminary findings. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

Subject headings and genre

  • MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Neurologi hsv//swe
  • MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Neurology hsv//eng
  • Mental health
  • MRS
  • Neuroimaging
  • Pandemic
  • PET
  • Stress
  • inositol
  • interleukin 16
  • monocyte chemotactic protein 1
  • SARS-CoV-2 antibody
  • adult
  • Article
  • coronavirus disease 2019
  • fatigue
  • female
  • gene expression
  • human
  • lockdown
  • male
  • mental fatigue
  • middle aged
  • molecular imaging
  • multimodal imaging
  • nervous system inflammation
  • nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
  • physiological stress
  • positron emission tomography
  • retrospective study
  • transcriptomics

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Alshelh, Z. (author)
  • Martins, D. (author)
  • Kim, M. (author)
  • Weerasekera, A. (author)
  • Housman, H. (author)
  • Morrissey, E. J. (author)
  • Knight, P. C. (author)
  • Castro-Blanco, K. A. (author)
  • Albrecht, D. S. (author)
  • Tseng, C. E. (author)
  • Zürcher, N. R. (author)
  • Ratai, E. M. (author)
  • Akeju, O. (author)
  • Makary, M. M. (author)
  • Catana, C. (author)
  • Mercaldo, N. D. (author)
  • Hadjikhani, Nouchine,1966Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology(Swepub:gu)xhadno (author)
  • Veronese, M. (author)
  • Turkheimer, F. (author)
  • Rosen, B. R. (author)
  • Hooker, J. M. (author)
  • Loggia, M. L. (author)
  • Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity: Elsevier BV102, s. 89-970889-1591

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