Complex geometry and integrated macro-porosity: Clinical applications of electron beam melting to fabricate bespoke bone-anchored implants

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MARC

Palmquist, Anders,1977Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för biomaterialvetenskap,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Biomaterials,University of Gothenburg (author)

Complex geometry and integrated macro-porosity: Clinical applications of electron beam melting to fabricate bespoke bone-anchored implants

Article/chapterEnglish2023

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

Elsevier BV,2023

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/319389
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/319389URI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.002DOI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/533672URI

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Language:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:for swepub-publicationtype

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The last decade has witnessed rapid advancements in manufacturing technologies for biomedical implants. Additive manufacturing (or 3D printing) has broken down major barriers in the way of producing complex 3D geometries. Electron beam melting (EBM) is one such 3D printing process applicable to metals and alloys. EBM offers build rates up to two orders of magnitude greater than comparable laser-based technologies and a high vacuum environment to prevent accumulation of trace elements. These features make EBM particularly advantageous for materials susceptible to spontaneous oxidation and nitrogen pick-up when exposed to air (e.g., titanium and titanium-based alloys). For skeletal reconstruction(s), anatomical mimickry and integrated macro-porous architecture to facilitate bone ingrowth are undoubtedly the key features of EBM manufactured implants. Using finite element modelling of physiological loading conditions, the design of a prosthesis may be further personalised. This review looks at the many unique clinical applications of EBM in skeletal repair and the ground-breaking innovations in prosthetic rehabilitation. From a simple acetabular cup to the fifth toe, from the hand-wrist complex to the shoulder, and from vertebral replacement to cranio-maxillofacial reconstruction, EBM has experienced it all. While sternocostal reconstructions might be rare, the repair of long bones using EBM manufactured implants is becoming exceedingly frequent. Despite the various merits, several challenges remain yet untackled. Nevertheless, with the capability to produce osseointegrating implants of any conceivable shape/size, and permissive of bone ingrowth and functional loading, EBM can pave the way for numerous fascinating and novel applications in skeletal repair, regeneration, and rehabilitation. Statement of significance: Electron beam melting (EBM) offers unparalleled possibilities in producing contaminant-free, complex and intricate geometries from alloys of biomedical interest, including Ti6Al4V and CoCr. We review the diverse range of clinical applications of EBM in skeletal repair, both as mass produced off-the-shelf implants and personalised, patient-specific prostheses. From replacing large volumes of disease-affected bone to complex, multi-material reconstructions, almost every part of the human skeleton has been replaced with an EBM manufactured analog to achieve macroscopic anatomical-mimickry. However, various questions regarding long-term performance of patient-specific implants remain unaddressed. Directions for further development include designing personalised implants and prostheses based on simulated loading conditions and accounting for trabecular bone microstructure with respect to physiological factors such as patient's age and disease status.

Subject headings and genre

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Materialteknik Metallurgi och metalliska material hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Materials Engineering Metallurgy and Metallic Materials hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Ortopedi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Orthopaedics hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinsk bioteknologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Medical Biotechnology hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Annan medicin och hälsovetenskap Gerontologi, medicinsk/hälsovetenskaplig inriktning hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Other Medical and Health Sciences Gerontology, specialising in Medical and Health Sciences hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinsk bioteknologi Biomaterialvetenskap hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Medical Biotechnology Biomaterials Science hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Odontologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Dentistry hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Hälsovetenskap hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Health Sciences hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Medicinteknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Medical Engineering hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Medicinteknik Medicinsk material- och protesteknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Medical Engineering Medical Materials hsv//eng
Additive manufacturing
Biomaterials
Bone
Electron beam melting
Human
Implant
Additive manufacturing

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Jolic, MartinaGothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för biomaterialvetenskap,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Biomaterials,University of Gothenburg(Swepub:gu)xjolma (author)
Hryha, Eduard,1980Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)hryha (author)
Shah, Furqan A.Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för biomaterialvetenskap,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Biomaterials,University of Gothenburg(Swepub:gu)xalifu (author)
Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för biomaterialvetenskap (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Acta Biomaterialia: Elsevier BV156, s. 125-1451742-70611878-7568

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