Exclusion - Integration – Inclusion – Nonclusion - what is the difference?

• Often, we talk about exclusion, integration, inclusion and nonclusion in relation to preschool and school. These concepts can also be seen in relation to the society, from childhood to adulthood. What is the definition of these concepts and how are they used? Giving birth to a child is naturally connected to having one healthy child with a typical development. Sometimes life take another way and the child are born with some sort of disability. Sometimes the child seems to have a typical development but after some year the parent or teacher in preschool/school discover that the child has some difficult and develops in another way. No matter when the child´s difficulties will be discovered there are of course different reactions in relation to parents understanding, background and feelings. But also, to other people’s reactions, like sibling’s, grandparents, friends, and colleagues. Who decide about the child’s future? How does teacher act in preschool when children have problem with each other. Will they be excluded from the group? Will teacher blame parents or can they collaborate so the child will have the best support in an inclusive way? What happen if other parents doesn´t like a child with some learning difficulties to be included. Can other parents decide over that? What can teachers do to avoid such bad situation and what can they do to work in a more positive inclusive way? Is inclusion always the same to be together all time or can inclusion also be that you sometimes have individual support. In many countries there are still special schools/preschools for children with non-typical development. In some countries they hide children or kill them. Why? Feeling of shame? Punishment from divinity – it could be many factors but the most common is lack of knowledge. Is it possible to work in an inclusive way if there are many special schools for parents to choose? (https://www.unicef.org/education/inclusive-education) Their reaction can be like sympathy, they feel sad for you. Or it can be more of empathy, try to understand and being more engaged in the situation for the parents. This can be the same with teachers in preschool or school. The more they have of empathy the more engaged and interesting they might be. Only showing sympathy, feeling sad for the child can be obstacle for development and learning but also help the child to feel what we called “learned helplessness”. Every child needs to feel that you believe in his or her possibility to learn and develop. Every parent also needs to feel that “my child” also is important in the preschool class. Nonclusion is a quite new concept and are without classification, sorting people – it is a “place for everyone” no matter what! When our society will work more in a nonclusion way a technical equipment will be developed and produced (https://www.disegnodai.eu/en/home/) . Everywhere in the society people in need of support can easily find it and children already in preschool. Today we have many applications, Ipad, picture and other things in preschool and school but to reach a fully nonclusive society more must be done. In this presentation I will try to define exclusion, integration, inclusion and nonclusion from different perspectives, and in different context.

Ämnesord

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP  -- Utbildningsvetenskap (hsv//swe)

SOCIAL SCIENCES  -- Educational Sciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

exclusion

integration

inclusion and nonclusion

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