Gastrointestinal stromal tumors regularly express synaptic vesicle proteins: evidence of a neuroendocrine phenotype.

• Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are thought to originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal, which share many properties with neurons of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, we demonstrated expression of the hormone ghrelin in GIST. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate a possible neuroendocrine phenotype of GIST. Specimens from 41 GISTs were examined for the expression of 12 different synaptic vesicle proteins. Expression of synaptic-like microvesicle proteins, e.g., Synaptic vesicle protein 2 (SV2), synaptobrevin, synapsin 1, and amphiphysin was demonstrated in a majority of GISTs by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative reversetranscriptase PCR. One-third of the tumors also expressed the large dense core vesicle protein vesicular monoamine transporter 1. Presence of microvesicles and dense core vesicles in GIST was confirmed by electron microscopy. The expression of synaptic-like microvesicle proteins in GIST was not related to risk profile or to KIT/platelet derived growth factor alpha (PDGFRA) mutational status. Thus, GISTs regularly express a subset of synaptic-like microvesicle proteins necessary for the regulated secretion of neurotransmitters and hormones. Expression of synaptic-like micro-vesicle proteins, ghrelin and peptide hormone receptors in GIST indicate a neuroendocrine phenotype and suggest novel possibilities to treat therapy-resistant GIST.

Nyckelord

Aged

Female

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

genetics

metabolism

pathology

Gene Expression Regulation

Neoplastic

Humans

Male

Membrane Glycoproteins

genetics

metabolism

Middle Aged

Nerve Tissue Proteins

genetics

metabolism

Neurosecretory Systems

metabolism

pathology

Phenotype

Receptor

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha

genetics

Secretory Vesicles

metabolism

Synapsins

genetics

metabolism

Synaptic Vesicles

metabolism

Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 1

genetics

metabolism

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)