Vaccines against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

• Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrhea among children less than 3 years of age in developing countries and in travelers to these areas. The key pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of ETEC are the production of colonization factors (CFs) and a heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and/or a heat-stable enterotoxin. To provide broad-spectrum protection, an ETEC vaccine should, most likely, contain the most prevalent fimbrial antigens, that is, CF antigen I and CS1-CS6, and/or a LT toxoid. Different strategies have been taken to deliver ETEC fimbriae and toxin antigens to the human immune system to elicit strong mucosal, in particular, intestinal immune responses that are considered to be of prime importance for protection against ETEC disease. There has been some promise when testing different ETEC candidate vaccines for protection against diarrhea in adult travelers. However, no ETEC candidate vaccine has been shown to be effective in the most important target group, which is infants and young children in endemic areas. Against this background, intense efforts are in progress to try to improve the immunogenicity of different available candidate vaccines, as well as to develop new types of ETEC vaccines.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Mikrobiologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Microbiology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Child

Preschool

Diarrhea

prevention & control

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

immunology

Escherichia coli Infections

epidemiology

prevention & control

Escherichia coli Vaccines

immunology

Humans

Infant

Infant

Newborn

Travel

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)