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  • Laine, Jessica E.Imperial College London (author)

Co-benefits from sustainable dietary shifts for population and environmental health : an assessment from a large European cohort study

  • Article/chapterEnglish2021

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2021

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:155b11b9-6a72-4707-be3a-b120e112d884
  • https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/155b11b9-6a72-4707-be3a-b120e112d884URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00250-3DOI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

  • Background: Unhealthy diets, the rise of non-communicable diseases, and the declining health of the planet are highly intertwined, where food production and consumption are major drivers of increases in greenhouse gas emissions, substantial land use, and adverse health such as cancer and mortality. To assess the potential co-benefits from shifting to more sustainable diets, we aimed to investigate the associations of dietary greenhouse gas emissions and land use with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and cancer incidence rates. Methods: Using data from 443 991 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, a multicentre prospective cohort, we estimated associations between dietary contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and land use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality and incident cancers using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The main exposures were modelled as quartiles. Co-benefits, encompassing the potential effects of alternative diets on all-cause mortality and cancer and potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and land use, were estimated with counterfactual attributable fraction intervention models, simulating potential effects of dietary shifts based on the EAT–Lancet reference diet. Findings: In the pooled analysis, there was an association between levels of dietary greenhouse gas emissions and all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1·13 [95% CI 1·10–1·16]) and between land use and all-cause mortality (1·18 [1·15–1·21]) when comparing the fourth quartile to the first quartile. Similar associations were observed for cause-specific mortality. Associations were also observed between all-cause cancer incidence rates and greenhouse gas emissions, when comparing the fourth quartile to the first quartile (adjusted HR 1·11 [95% CI 1·09–1·14]) and between all-cause cancer incidence rates and land use (1·13 [1·10–1·15]); however, estimates differed by cancer type. Through counterfactual attributable fraction modelling of shifts in levels of adherence to the EAT–Lancet diet, we estimated that up to 19–63% of deaths and up to 10–39% of cancers could be prevented, in a 20-year risk period, by different levels of adherence to the EAT–Lancet reference diet. Additionally, switching from lower adherence to the EAT–Lancet reference diet to higher adherence could potentially reduce food-associated greenhouse gas emissions up to 50% and land use up to 62%. Interpretation: Our results indicate that shifts towards universally sustainable diets could lead to co-benefits, such as minimising diet-related greenhouse gas emissions and land use, reducing the environmental footprint, aiding in climate change mitigation, and improving population health. Funding: European Commission (DG-SANCO), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), MRC Early Career Fellowship (MR/M501669/1).

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Huybrechts, IngeInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (author)
  • Gunter, Marc J.International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (author)
  • Ferrari, PietroInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (author)
  • Weiderpass, ElisabeteInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (author)
  • Tsilidis, KostasImperial College London (author)
  • Aune, DagfinnImperial College London (author)
  • Schulze, Matthias B.University of Potsdam (author)
  • Bergmann, ManuelaGerman Institute of Human Nutrition (author)
  • Temme, Elisabeth H.M.National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) (author)
  • Boer, Jolanda M.A.National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) (author)
  • Agnoli, ClaudiaIstituto Nazionale dei Tumori (author)
  • Ericson, UlrikaLund University,Lunds universitet,Diabetes - kardiovaskulär sjukdom,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Diabetes - Cardiovascular Disease,Lund University Research Groups(Swepub:lu)medf-upe (author)
  • Stubbendorff, AnnaLund University,Lunds universitet,Nutritionsepidemiologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Nutrition Epidemiology,Lund University Research Groups(Swepub:lu)an5850st (author)
  • Ibsen, Daniel B.Aarhus University (author)
  • Dahm, Christina CatherineAarhus University (author)
  • Deschasaux, MélanieSorbonne Paris Nord University (author)
  • Touvier, MathildeSorbonne Paris Nord University (author)
  • Kesse-Guyot, EmmanuelleSorbonne Paris Nord University (author)
  • Sánchez Pérez, Maria JoseAndalusian School Of Public Health (EASP) (author)
  • Rodríguez Barranco, MiguelAndalusian School Of Public Health (EASP) (author)
  • Tong, Tammy Y.N.University of Oxford (author)
  • Papier, KerenUniversity of Oxford (author)
  • Knuppel, AnikaUniversity of Oxford (author)
  • Boutron-Ruault, Marie ChristineUniversity of Paris-Saclay (author)
  • Mancini, FrancescaUniversity of Paris-Saclay (author)
  • Severi, GianlucaUniversity of Paris-Saclay (author)
  • Srour, BernardGerman Cancer Research Centre (author)
  • Kühn, TilmanGerman Cancer Research Centre (author)
  • Masala, GiovannaInstitute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO) (author)
  • Agudo, AntonioL'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (author)
  • Skeie, GuriUiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø (author)
  • Rylander, CharlottaUiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø (author)
  • Sandanger, Torkjel M.UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø (author)
  • Riboli, ElioImperial College London (author)
  • Vineis, PaoloImperial College London (author)
  • Imperial College LondonInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:The Lancet Planetary Health5:11, s. 786-7962542-5196

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