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Increased water-use efficiency and reduced CO2 uptake by plants during droughts at a continental scale

Peters, Wouter (author)
University of Groningen,Wageningen University
van der Velde, Ivar R. (author)
University of Colorado,National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
van Schaik, Erik (author)
Wageningen University
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Miller, John B. (author)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Ciais, Philippe (author)
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement
Duarte, Henrique F. (author)
University of Utah
van der Laan-Luijkx, Ingrid T. (author)
Wageningen University
van der Molen, Michiel K. (author)
Wageningen University
Scholze, Marko (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Institutionen för naturgeografi och ekosystemvetenskap,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science
Schaefer, Kevin (author)
University of Colorado
Vidale, Pier Luigi (author)
University of Reading
Verhoef, Anne (author)
University of Reading
Wårlind, David (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system,Institutionen för naturgeografi och ekosystemvetenskap,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science
Zhu, Dan (author)
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement
Tans, Pieter P. (author)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Vaughn, Bruce (author)
University of Colorado
White, James W.C. (author)
University of Colorado
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2018-08-27
2018
English 5 s.
In: Nature Geoscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-0894 .- 1752-0908. ; 11:10, s. 744-748
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http://dx.doi.org/10...
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Severe droughts in the Northern Hemisphere cause a widespread decline of agricultural yield, the reduction of forest carbon uptake, and increased CO2 growth rates in the atmosphere. Plants respond to droughts by partially closing their stomata to limit their evaporative water loss, at the expense of carbon uptake by photosynthesis. This trade-off maximizes their water-use efficiency (WUE), as measured for many individual plants under laboratory conditions and field experiments. Here we analyse the 13C/12C stable isotope ratio in atmospheric CO2 to provide new observational evidence of the impact of droughts on the WUE across areas of millions of square kilometres and spanning one decade of recent climate variability. We find strong and spatially coherent increases in WUE along with widespread reductions of net carbon uptake over the Northern Hemisphere during severe droughts that affected Europe, Russia and the United States in 2001–2011. The impact of those droughts on WUE and carbon uptake by vegetation is substantially larger than simulated by the land-surface schemes of six state-of-the-art climate models. This suggests that drought-induced carbon–climate feedbacks may be too small in these models and improvements to their vegetation dynamics using stable isotope observations can help to improve their drought response.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Naturgeografi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Physical Geography (hsv//eng)

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