The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017

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Saunois, MarielleUniversity of Paris-Saclay,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)

The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017

Artikel/kapitelEngelska2020

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2020-07-15
Copernicus GmbH,2020
63 s.

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:3905f1f0-ec3a-4dba-b95f-403cd73f8860
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3905f1f0-ec3a-4dba-b95f-403cd73f8860URI
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1561-2020DOI
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-184470URI
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-168290URI

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Språk:engelska
Sammanfattning på:engelska

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Funding Agencies|FAO
Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. Atmospheric emissions and concentrations of CH4 continue to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing, after carbon dioxide (CO2). The relative importance of CH4 compared to CO2 depends on its shorter atmospheric lifetime, stronger warming potential, and variations in atmospheric growth rate over the past decade, the causes of which are still debated. Two major challenges in reducing uncertainties in the atmospheric growth rate arise from the variety of geographically overlapping CH4 sources and from the destruction of CH4 by short-lived hydroxyl radicals (OH). To address these challenges, we have established a consortium of multidisciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate new research aimed at improving and regularly updating the global methane budget. Following Saunois et al. (2016), we present here the second version of the living review paper dedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-down studies (atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up estimates (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations).For the 2008–2017 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by atmospheric inversions (a top-down approach) to be 576 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range 550–594, corresponding to the minimum and maximum estimates of the model ensemble). Of this total, 359 Tg CH4 yr−1 or ∼ 60 % is attributed to anthropogenic sources, that is emissions caused by direct human activity (i.e. anthropogenic emissions; range 336–376 Tg CH4 yr−1 or 50 %–65 %). The mean annual total emission for the new decade (2008–2017) is 29 Tg CH4 yr−1 larger than our estimate for the previous decade (2000–2009), and 24 Tg CH4 yr−1 larger than the one reported in the previous budget for 2003–2012 (Saunois et al., 2016). Since 2012, global CH4 emissions have been tracking the warmest scenarios assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Bottom-up methods suggest almost 30 % larger global emissions (737 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 594–881) than top-down inversion methods. Indeed, bottom-up estimates for natural sources such as natural wetlands, other inland water systems, and geological sources are higher than top-down estimates. The atmospheric constraints on the top-down budget suggest that at least some of these bottom-up emissions are overestimated. The latitudinal distribution of atmospheric observation-based emissions indicates a predominance of tropical emissions (∼ 65 % of the global budget, < 30∘ N) compared to mid-latitudes (∼ 30 %, 30–60∘ N) and high northern latitudes (∼ 4 %, 60–90∘ N). The most important source of uncertainty in the methane budget is attributable to natural emissions, especially those from wetlands and other inland waters.Some of our global source estimates are smaller than those in previously published budgets (Saunois et al., 2016; Kirschke et al., 2013). In particular wetland emissions are about 35 Tg CH4 yr−1 lower due to improved partition wetlands and other inland waters. Emissions from geological sources and wild animals are also found to be smaller by 7 Tg CH4 yr−1 by 8 Tg CH4 yr−1, respectively. However, the overall discrepancy between bottom-up and top-down estimates has been reduced by only 5 % compared to Saunois et al. (2016), due to a higher estimate of emissions from inland waters, highlighting the need for more detailed research on emissions factors. Priorities for improving the methane budget include (i) a global, high-resolution map of water-saturated soils and inundated areas emitting methane based on a robust classification of different types of emitting habitats; (ii) further development of process-based models for inland-water emissions; (iii) intensification of methane observations at local scales (e.g., FLUXNET-CH4 measurements) and urban-scale monitoring to constrain bottom-up land surface models, and at regional scales (surface networks and satellites) to constrain atmospheric inversions; (iv) improvements of transport models and the representation of photochemical sinks in top-down inversions; and (v) development of a 3D variational inversion system using isotopic and/or co-emitted species such as ethane to improve source partitioning.The data presented here can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.18160/GCP-CH4-2019 (Saunois et al., 2020) and from the Global Carbon Project.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

NATURVETENSKAP Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap Naturgeografi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Earth and Related Environmental Sciences Physical Geography hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap Klimatforskning hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Earth and Related Environmental Sciences Climate Research hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Earth and Related Environmental Sciences hsv//eng
Methane Emission
methane budget
climate change

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

R. Stavert, AnnCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra,CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Australia (författare)
Poulter, BenNASA Goddard Space Flight Center,NASA, MD 20771 USA (författare)
Bousquet, PhilippeUniversity of Paris-Saclay,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)
G. Canadell, JosepCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra,CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Australia (författare)
B. Jackson, RobertStanford University,Stanford Univ, CA 94305 USA (författare)
A. Raymond, PeterYale University,Yale Univ, CT 06511 USA (författare)
J. Dlugokencky, EdwardNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL),NOAA, CO 80305 USA (författare)
Houweling, SanderVrije Universiteit Amsterdam,National Instiute for Space Research,SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Netherlands; Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Netherlands (författare)
K. Patra, PrabirChiba University,Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology,JAMSTEC, Japan; Chiba Univ, Japan (författare)
Ciais, PhilippeUniversity of Paris-Saclay,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)
K. Arora, VivekEnvironment Canada,Environm & Climate Change Canada, Canada (författare)
Bastviken, DavidLinköpings universitet,Linköping University,Tema Miljöförändring,Filosofiska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)davba48 (författare)
Bergamaschi, PeterEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre, Brussels,European Commiss Joint Res Ctr, Italy (författare)
R. Blake, DonaldUniversity of California, Irvine,Univ Calif Irvine, CA 92697 USA (författare)
Brailsford, GordonNational Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand,Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, New Zealand (författare)
Bruhwiler, LoriNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL),NOAA, CO 80305 USA (författare)
M. Carlson, KimberlyNew York University,University of Hawaii Cancer Center,NYU, NY 10003 USA; Univ Hawaii, HI 96822 USA (författare)
Carrol, MarkNASA Goddard Space Flight Center,NASA, MD 20771 USA (författare)
Castaldi, SimonaEuro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change,RUDN University,Second University of Napels,Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Italy; RUDN Univ, Russia; Ctr Euro Mediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat, Italy (författare)
Chandra, NaveenJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology,JAMSTEC, Japan (författare)
Crevoisier, CyrilÉcole Polytechnique,City College of New York,Ecole Polytech, France,CUNY City Coll, NY 10031 USA (författare)
Crill, PatrickStockholms universitet,Stockholm University,Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper,Stockholm Univ, Sweden(Swepub:su)pcril (författare)
Covey, KristoferSkidmore College,Skidmore Coll, NY 12866 USA (författare)
L. Curry, CharlesUniversity of Victoria,Purdue University,Univ Victoria, Canada,Purdue Univ, IN 47907 USA (författare)
Etiope, GiuseppeBabes Bolyai University,Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia,Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Italy; Babes Bolyai Univ, Romania (författare)
Frankenberg, ChristianCalifornia Institute of Technology,CALTECH, CA 91125 USA (författare)
Gedney, NicolaMet Office,Met Off Hadley Ctr, England (författare)
I. Hegglin, MichaelaUniversity of Reading,Univ Reading, England (författare)
Höglund-Isaksson, LenaInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis,Int Inst Appl Syst Anal IIASA, Austria (författare)
Hugelius, GustafStockholms universitet,Stockholm University,Institutionen för naturgeografi,Stockholm Univ, Sweden(Swepub:su)chuge (författare)
Ishizawa, MisaNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
Ito, AkihikoNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
Janssens-Maenhout, GreetEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre, Brussels,European Commiss Joint Res Ctr, Italy (författare)
M. Jensen, KatherineCity College of New York,CUNY City Coll, NY 10031 USA (författare)
Joos, FortunatUniversity of Bern,Univ Bern, Switzerland (författare)
Kleinen, ThomasMax Planck Institute for Meteorology,Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Germany (författare)
B. Krummel, PaulCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra,CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Australia (författare)
L. Langenfelds, RayCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra,CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Australia (författare)
G. Laruelle, GoulvenUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB),Univ Libre Bruxelles, Belgium (författare)
Liu, LichengPurdue University,CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra,CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Australia (författare)
MacHida, ToshinobuNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
Maksyutov, ShamilNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
C. McDonald, KyleCity College of New York (författare)
McNorton, JoeEuropean Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts,European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, England (författare)
A. Miller, PaulLund University,Lunds universitet,BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,Lund Univ, Sweden(Swepub:lu)nate-pum (författare)
R. Melton, JoeEnvironment Canada,Environm & Climate Change Canada, Canada (författare)
Morino, IsamuNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
Müller, JurekUniversity of Bern,Univ Bern, Switzerland (författare)
Murguia-Flores, FabiolaUniversity of Bristol,Univ Bristol, England (författare)
Naik, VaishaliNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL),NOAA, NJ 08540 USA (författare)
Niwa, YosukeMeteorological Research Institute (MRI), Japan,National Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan; Meteorol Res Inst MRI, Japan (författare)
Noce, SergioEuro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change,Ctr Euro Mediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat, Italy (författare)
O'Doherty, SimonUniversity of Bristol,Univ Bristol, England (författare)
J. Parker, RobertUniversity of Leicester,Univ Leicester, England (författare)
Peng, ChanghuiUniversity Of Quebec In Montreal,Univ Quebec Montreal, Canada (författare)
Peng, ShushiPeking University,Peking Univ, Peoples R China (författare)
P. Peters, GlenCICERO Center for International Climate Research,CICERO Ctr Int Climate Res, Norway (författare)
Prigent, CatherineParis Observatory,Sorbonne Univ, France (författare)
Prinn, RonaldMassachusetts Institute of Technology,MIT, MA 02139 USA (författare)
Ramonet, MichelUniversity of Paris-Saclay,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)
Regnier, PierreUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB),Univ Libre Bruxelles, Belgium (författare)
J. Riley, WilliamLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, CA 94720 USA (författare)
A. Rosentreter, JudithSouthern Cross University,Southern Cross Univ, Australia (författare)
Segers, ArjoNetherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (Utrecht),TNO, Netherlands (författare)
J. Simpson, IsobelUniversity of California, Irvine,Univ Calif Irvine, CA 92697 USA (författare)
Shi, HaoAuburn University,Auburn Univ, AL 36849 USA (författare)
J. Smith, StevenPacific Northwest National Laboratory,University of Maryland,Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, MD 20740 USA; Univ Maryland, MD 20740 USA (författare)
Paul Steele, L.CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra (författare)
Thornton, Brett F.Stockholms universitet,Stockholm University,Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper,Stockholm Univ, Sweden(Swepub:su)brtho (författare)
Tian, HanqinAuburn University,Auburn Univ, AL 36849 USA (författare)
Tohjima, YasunoriNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
N. Tubiello, FrancescoFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,UN FAO, Italy (författare)
Tsuruta, AkiFinnish Meteorological Institute,Finnish Meteorol Inst, Finland (författare)
Viovy, NicolasUniversity of Paris-Saclay,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)
Voulgarakis, ApostolosTechnical University of Crete,Imperial College London,Imperial Coll London, England; Tech Univ Crete, Greece (författare)
S. Weber, ThomasUniversity of Rochester,Univ Rochester, NY 14627 USA (författare)
Van Weele, MichielRoyal Netherlands Meteorological Institute,KNMI, Netherlands (författare)
R. Van Der Werf, GuidoVrije Universiteit Amsterdam,Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Netherlands (författare)
F. Weiss, RayUniversity of California, San Diego,Univ Calif San Diego, CA 92093 USA (författare)
Worthy, DougEnvironment Canada,Environm & Climate Change Canada, Canada (författare)
Wunch, DebraUniversity of Toronto,Univ Toronto, Canada (författare)
Yin, YiUniversity of Paris-Saclay,California Institute of Technology,Univ Paris Saclay, France; CALTECH, CA 91125 USA (författare)
Yoshida, YukioNational Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan,Natl Inst Environm Studies NIES, Japan (författare)
Zhang, WenxinLund University,Lunds universitet,BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system,Institutionen för naturgeografi och ekosystemvetenskap,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science,Lund Univ, Sweden(Swepub:lu)we4544zh (författare)
Zhang, ZhenUniversity of Maryland,University of Paris-Saclay,Univ Maryland, MD 20740 USA,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)
Zhao, YuanhongUniversity of Paris-Saclay,Univ Paris Saclay, France (författare)
Zheng, BoUniversity of Paris-Saclay (författare)
Zhu, QingLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, CA 94720 USA (författare)
Zhu, QiuanHohai University,Hohai Univ, Peoples R China (författare)
Zhuang, QianlaiPurdue University,Purdue Univ, IN 47907 USA (författare)
University of Paris-SaclayUniv Paris Saclay, France (creator_code:org_t)

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Ingår i:Earth System Science Data: Copernicus GmbH12:3, s. 1561-16231866-35161866-3508

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Av författaren/redakt...: Saunois, Mariell ...; R. Stavert, Ann; Poulter, Ben; Bousquet, Philip ...; G. Canadell, Jos ...; B. Jackson, Robe ...; visa fler...; A. Raymond, Pete ...; J. Dlugokencky, ...; Houweling, Sande ...; K. Patra, Prabir; Ciais, Philippe; K. Arora, Vivek; Bastviken, David; Bergamaschi, Pet ...; R. Blake, Donald; Brailsford, Gord ...; Bruhwiler, Lori; M. Carlson, Kimb ...; Carrol, Mark; Castaldi, Simona; Chandra, Naveen; Crevoisier, Cyri ...; Crill, Patrick; Covey, Kristofer; L. Curry, Charle ...; Etiope, Giuseppe; Frankenberg, Chr ...; Gedney, Nicola; I. Hegglin, Mich ...; Höglund-Isaksson ...; Hugelius, Gustaf; Ishizawa, Misa; Ito, Akihiko; Janssens-Maenhou ...; M. Jensen, Kathe ...; Joos, Fortunat; Kleinen, Thomas; B. Krummel, Paul; L. Langenfelds, ...; G. Laruelle, Gou ...; Liu, Licheng; MacHida, Toshino ...; Maksyutov, Shami ...; C. McDonald, Kyl ...; McNorton, Joe; A. Miller, Paul; R. Melton, Joe; Morino, Isamu; Müller, Jurek; Murguia-Flores, ...; Naik, Vaishali; Niwa, Yosuke; Noce, Sergio; O'Doherty, Simon; J. Parker, Rober ...; Peng, Changhui; Peng, Shushi; P. Peters, Glen; Prigent, Catheri ...; Prinn, Ronald; Ramonet, Michel; Regnier, Pierre; J. Riley, Willia ...; A. Rosentreter, ...; Segers, Arjo; J. Simpson, Isob ...; Shi, Hao; J. Smith, Steven; Paul Steele, L.; Thornton, Brett ...; Tian, Hanqin; Tohjima, Yasunor ...; N. Tubiello, Fra ...; Tsuruta, Aki; Viovy, Nicolas; Voulgarakis, Apo ...; S. Weber, Thomas; Van Weele, Michi ...; R. Van Der Werf, ...; F. Weiss, Ray; Worthy, Doug; Wunch, Debra; Yin, Yi; Yoshida, Yukio; Zhang, Wenxin; Zhang, Zhen; Zhao, Yuanhong; Zheng, Bo; Zhu, Qing; Zhu, Qiuan; Zhuang, Qianlai; visa färre...

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