Exercise benefits in cardiovascular disease : beyond attenuation of traditional risk factors

Fiuza-Luces, CarmenEuropean University of Madrid,Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (författare)

Despite strong scientific evidence supporting the benefits of regular exercise for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD), physical inactivity is highly prevalent worldwide. In addition to merely changing well-known risk factors for systemic CVD, regular exercise can also improve cardiovascular health through non-traditional mechanisms. Understanding the pathways through which exercise influences different physiological systems is important and might yield new therapeutic strategies to target pathophysiological mechanisms in CVD. This Review includes a critical discussion of how regular exercise can have antiatherogenic effects in the vasculature, improve autonomic balance (thereby reducing the risk of malignant arrhythmias), and induce cardioprotection against ischaemia–reperfusion injury, independent of effects on traditional CVD risk factors. This Review also describes how exercise promotes a healthy anti-inflammatory milieu (largely through the release of muscle-derived myokines), stimulates myocardial regeneration, and ameliorates age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, a frequently overlooked non-traditional CVD risk factor. Finally, we discuss how the benefits of exercise might also occur via promotion of a healthy gut microbiota. We argue, therefore, that a holistic view of all body systems is necessary and useful when analysing the role of exercise in cardiovascular health.

Santos-Lozano, AlejandroEuropean University Miguel de Cervantes,12 de Octubre University Hospital (författare)
Joyner, MichaelMayo Clinic Minnesota (författare)
Carrera-Bastos, PedroLund University,Lunds universitet,Allmänmedicin, kardiovaskulär epidemiologi och levnadsvanor,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Family Medicine, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Lifestyle,Lund University Research Groups,NutriScience-Education and Consulting(Swepub:lu)med-pc_ (författare)
Picazo, OscarNutriScience-Education and Consulting (författare)
Zugaza, José L.Basque Foundation for Science,Achucarro - Basque Center for Neuroscience,University of the Basque Country (författare)
Izquierdo, MikelPublic University of Navarre (författare)
Ruilope, Luis M.European University of Madrid (författare)
Lucia, AlejandroEuropean University of Madrid,12 de Octubre University Hospital (författare)
European University of MadridBiomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (creator_code:org_t)

Ingår i:Nature Reviews Cardiology: Springer Science and Business Media LLC15:12, s. 731-7431759-50021759-5010

Av författaren/redakt...: Fiuza-Luces, Car ...; Santos-Lozano, A ...; Joyner, Michael; Carrera-Bastos, ...; Picazo, Oscar; Zugaza, José L.; visa fler...; Izquierdo, Mikel; Ruilope, Luis M.; Lucia, Alejandro; visa färre...

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