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  • Pearce, Elena A.Aarhus University (författare)

Substantial light woodland and open vegetation characterized the temperate forest biome before Homo sapiens

  • Artikel/kapitelEngelska2023

Förlag, utgivningsår, omfång ...

  • 2023
  • 14 s.

Nummerbeteckningar

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:7bddbe46-97c6-4fd4-ac93-b66f89e12e61
  • https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7bddbe46-97c6-4fd4-ac93-b66f89e12e61URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi9135DOI
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-226966URI

Kompletterande språkuppgifter

  • Språk:engelska
  • Sammanfattning på:engelska &svenska

Ingår i deldatabas

Klassifikation

  • Ämneskategori:art swepub-publicationtype
  • Ämneskategori:ref swepub-contenttype

Anmärkningar

  • The extent of vegetation openness in past European landscapes is widely debated. In particular, the temperate forest biome has traditionally been defined as dense, closed-canopy forest; however, some argue that large herbivores maintained greater openness or even wood-pasture conditions. Here, we address this question for the Last Interglacial period (129,000–116,000 years ago), before Homo sapiens–linked megafauna declines and anthropogenic landscape transformation. We applied the vegetation reconstruction method REVEALS to 96 Last Interglacial pollen records. We found that light woodland and open vegetation represented, on average, more than 50% cover during this period. The degree of openness was highly variable and only partially linked to climatic factors, indicating the importance of natural disturbance regimes. Our results show that the temperate forest biome was historically heterogeneous rather than uniformly dense, which is consistent with the dependency of much of contemporary European biodiversity on open vegetation and light woodland.
  • The extent of vegetation openness in the temperate forest biome prior to modern humans is widely debated – particularly in Europe regarding baselines for conservation and restoration. The temperate forest biome was traditionally thought to be dense closed-canopy forest; however, this view has been challenged by arguments that large herbivores could have maintained some degree of openness, or even widespread wood pasture-like conditions. In this study, we address this question for the Last Interglacial (Eemian; 129,000 – 116,000 years ago) in Europe – prior to major human-driven defaunation and large-scale anthropogenic landscape transformation. We applied the landscape reconstruction method REVEALS to 96 Last Interglacial pollen4records. We found that there was substantial open and light woodland vegetation across Europe. Within the temperate forest biome, open taxa on average represented 19% of the vegetation cover in Mesocratic I, and 16% in Mesocratic II (early and late parts of the core of the interglacial, respectively), with light woodland vegetation covering an additional 60% in Mesocratic I and 34% in Mesocratic II. The degree of openness was highly variable and not well explained by environmental or climatic factors. Overall, we found much larger proportions of openness than expected under modern succession models, pointing to the importance of natural disturbance factors such as large herbivores, fires, or flooding. Our results show that the temperate forest biome was historically heterogeneous in vegetation structure, rather than uniformly dense, explaining why a large proportion of European biodiversity depends on open vegetation and light woodland habitats.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

  • Mazier, Florence FUniversity of Toulouse (författare)
  • Normand, SigneAarhus University (författare)
  • Bakels, CorrieLeiden University (författare)
  • Fyfe, RalphPlymouth University (författare)
  • Andrieu, ValérieCerege - European Centre Research And Teaching In Geosciences De L'envi (författare)
  • Balwierz, ZofiaUniversity of Lodz (författare)
  • Bińka, KrzysztofUniversity of Warsaw (författare)
  • Borham, SteveUniversity of Cambridge (författare)
  • Borisova, Olga KInstitute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences (författare)
  • Broström, AnnaLund University (författare)
  • de Beaulieu, Jacques-LuoiseAix-Marseille University (författare)
  • Gao, CunhaiGeological Survey of Canada (författare)
  • González-Sampériz, PenélopeCSIC Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE) (författare)
  • Granoszewski, WojciechPolish Geological Institute (författare)
  • Hrynowiecka, AnnaPolish Geological Institute (författare)
  • Kołaczek, PiotrAdam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (författare)
  • Kuneš, PetrCharles University in Prague (författare)
  • Magri, DonatellaSapienza University of Rome (författare)
  • Malkiewicz, MałgorzataWroclaw University (författare)
  • Mighall, TimUniversity of Aberdeen (författare)
  • Milner, Alice M.Royal Holloway University of London (författare)
  • Möller, PerLund University,Lunds universitet,Kvartärgeologi,Geologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Quaternary Sciences,Department of Geology,Faculty of Science(Swepub:lu)geol-pmo (författare)
  • Nita, MałgorzataUniversity of Silesia (författare)
  • Noryśkiewicz, BożenaNicolaus Copernicus University (författare)
  • Pidek, Irena AgnieszkaMaria Curie-Skłodowska University (författare)
  • Reille, MauriceAix-Marseille University (författare)
  • Robertsson, Ann-MarieStockholms universitet,Stockholm University,Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK)(Swepub:su)arobe (författare)
  • Salonen, J. SakariUniversity of Helsinki (författare)
  • Schläfli, PatrickUniversity of Bern (författare)
  • Schokker, JeroenGeological Survey of the Netherlands,Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) (författare)
  • Scussolini, PaoloVrije Universiteit Amsterdam (författare)
  • Šeirienė, VaidaLithuanian Nature Research Centre (författare)
  • Strahl, JaquelineState Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials, Brandenburg (författare)
  • Urban, BrigitteLeuphana University Lüneburg (författare)
  • Van Beirendonck, FilipGhent University (författare)
  • Winter, HannaPolish Geological Institute (författare)
  • Svenning, Jens-ChristianAarhus University (författare)
  • de Beaulieu, Jacques-Louis (författare)
  • Aarhus UniversityUniversity of Toulouse (creator_code:org_t)

Sammanhörande titlar

  • Ingår i:Science Advances9:452375-2548

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