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Creation of quark–g...
Creation of quark–gluon plasma droplets with three distinct geometries
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- Aidala, C. (author)
- University of Michigan
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- Oskarsson, Anders (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Partikel- och kärnfysik,Fysiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Particle and nuclear physics,Department of Physics,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH
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- Silvermyr, David (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Partikel- och kärnfysik,Fysiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Particle and nuclear physics,Department of Physics,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH
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- Zou, L. (author)
- University of California, Riverside
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(creator_code:org_t)
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- 2018-12-10
- 2019
- English.
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In: Nature Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-2473 .- 1745-2481. ; 15:3, s. 214-220
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Abstract
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- Experimental studies of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies have established the properties of the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons1–4. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid5 that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the particles produced, creating a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton–proton (p+p) and proton–nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton–gold (p+Au), deuteron–gold (d+Au) and helium–gold (3He+Au) collisions at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN = 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide the best simultaneous description of these measurements. © 2018, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Subatomär fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Subatomic Physics (hsv//eng)
Publication and Content Type
- art (subject category)
- ref (subject category)
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