Removing the barriers of plasticity after experimental brain injury

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Christensen, Jakob HakonLund University,Lunds universitet,Neurokirurgi,Sektion IV,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Lund,Medicinska fakulteten,Neurosurgery,Section IV,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund,Faculty of Medicine (författare)

Removing the barriers of plasticity after experimental brain injury

BokEngelska2018

Förlag, utgivningsår, omfång ...

2018
66 s.

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:bcb59b98-744f-4af7-9c42-d19118a28456
ISBN:9789176195925
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bcb59b98-744f-4af7-9c42-d19118a28456URI

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Språk:engelska
Sammanfattning på:engelska

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Ämneskategori:dok swepub-publicationtype
Ämneskategori:vet swepub-contenttype

Anmärkningar

Ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Both injuries result in regional cell death and disruption of local and remote functional neuronal networks, leading to loss of neurological function. Despite much effort spent on developing pharmacological therapies to reduce neuronal damage following these conditions, no neuroprotective strategies have reached clinical use. Spontaneous recovery of lost function after stroke and TBI is limited but can be enhanced by rehabilitative strategies that stimulate experience-driven brain plasticity.In the experimental setting, exposure to multimodal stimulation by enriched environments (EE) stimulates brain plasticity and recovery following brain injuries. At the system level, we demonstrated that improvement of tactile- proprioceptive function following rehabilitation in EE was associated with enhanced functional-connectivity among distinct brain regions involved in integration of multisensory input and control of movement. Inhibition of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) and genetic disruption of peri- neuronal nets facilitated remodeling of resting-state networks within contralesional cortical sensorimotor areas during stroke recovery. Using the EE regime, we identified several molecular barriers, which appear to impair functional recovery and plasticity in the first weeks following stroke and TBI. These included peri- lesional inflammation, parvalbumin expressing GABAergic inhibitory interneurons and aberrant mGluR5 activation.Overall this thesis presents novel data regarding molecular and network level mechanisms of plasticity, and provide potential targets for future therapies, which may support rehabilitation of patients following matured brain injury.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Neurologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Neurology hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper Neurovetenskaper hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine Neurosciences hsv//eng
Resting-state functional connectivity, Optical imaging, Stroke, Recovery, Enriched environment, Parvalbumin, Perineuronal nets, Traumatic brain injury, Microglia.

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

NeurokirurgiSektion IV (creator_code:org_t)

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https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bcb59b98-744f-4af7-9c42-d19118a28456

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Av författaren/redakt...: Christensen, Jak ...

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MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Klinisk medicin; och Neurologi

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Medicinska och f ...; och Neurovetenskaper

Av lärosätet: Lunds universitet

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