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Antimicrobials in s...
Antimicrobials in small-scale urban pig farming in a lower middle-income country - arbitrary use and high resistance levels
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- Ström Hallenberg, Gunilla (author)
- Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper (KV),Department of Clinical Sciences
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- Boqvist, Sofia (author)
- Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Inst för biomedicin och veterinär folkhälsovetenskap,Department of Biomedical Science and Veterinary Public Health
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- Albihn, Ann (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Swedish National Veterinary Institute,Inst för biomedicin och veterinär folkhälsovetenskap,Department of Biomedical Science and Veterinary Public Health,National Veterinary Institute (SVA),Institutionen för kulturgeografi och ekonomisk geografi,Samhällsvetenskapliga institutioner och centrumbildningar,Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten,Department of Human Geography,Departments of Administrative, Economic and Social Sciences,Faculty of Social Sciences
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- Fernström, Lise-Lotte (author)
- Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Inst för biomedicin och veterinär folkhälsovetenskap,Department of Biomedical Science and Veterinary Public Health
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- Andersson Djurfeldt, A. (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Institutionen för kulturgeografi och ekonomisk geografi,Samhällsvetenskapliga institutioner och centrumbildningar,Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten,Department of Human Geography,Departments of Administrative, Economic and Social Sciences,Faculty of Social Sciences
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- Seng, Sokerya (author)
- Centre for Livestock and Agriculture Development (CelAgrid),Centre for Livestock and Agriculture Development (CeLAgrid)
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- Sothyra, T. (author)
- National Animal Health and Production Research Institute (NAHPRI)
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- Magnusson, Ulf (author)
- Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper (KV),Department of Clinical Sciences
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(creator_code:org_t)
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- 2018-03-07
- 2018
- English.
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In: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2047-2994. ; 7:1
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Abstract
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- © 2018 The Author(s). Background: Administration of antimicrobials to food-producing animals is regarded as a major contributor to the overall emergence of resistance in bacteria worldwide. However, few data are available on global antimicrobial use and resistance (AMR) in livestock, especially from low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We conducted a structured survey of 91 small-scale pig farms in the urban and peri-urban areas of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, to assess the farmers' knowledge, attitudes and practices related to antimicrobial use in their pig production. Commensal Escherichia coli was isolated from three healthy pigs from each farm (n = 261) and susceptibility testing was performed against 14 antimicrobials, using broth microdilution. Univariable logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models were used to investigate potential associations between farm characteristics, management factors and resistance to different types of antimicrobials. Results: We found a widespread and arbitrary use of antimicrobials, often based on the farmer's own judgment. Around 66% of the farmers reported frequently self-adjusting treatment duration and dosage, and 45% had not heard about the term 'antimicrobial resistance'. The antimicrobials most commonly mentioned or kept by the farmers were amoxicillin, tylosin, gentamicin and colistin. Around 37% used a feed concentrate that contained antimicrobials, while antimicrobials for humans were used as a last-line treatment by 10% of the farmers. Commensal E. coli exhibited high prevalence of resistance to several antimicrobials considered to be of critical importance for human medicine, including ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and colistin, and multidrug-resistance was found in 79% of the samples. Higher prevalence of resistance was observed on farms that administered prophylactic antimicrobials and on farms that treated the entire group or herd in the event of disease. Conclusion: The widespread and arbitrary use of antimicrobials in pig farming in Cambodia is highly worrisome. Overall, farmers had a low awareness of the risks and consequences related to antimicrobial use and AMR. The results presented in this study confirm the hypothesis that non-rational use of antimicrobials results in higher prevalence of AMR and highlight the need for professional animal health systems that involve medically rational use of antimicrobials in emerging economies such as Cambodia.
Subject headings
- LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER -- Veterinärmedicin -- Annan veterinärmedicin (hsv//swe)
- AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES -- Veterinary Science -- Other Veterinary Science (hsv//eng)
- LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER -- Veterinärmedicin -- Klinisk vetenskap (hsv//swe)
- AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES -- Veterinary Science -- Clinical Science (hsv//eng)
- LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER -- Veterinärmedicin -- Patobiologi (hsv//swe)
- AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES -- Veterinary Science -- Pathobiology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Antimicrobial resistance
- Antimicrobial use
- Cambodia
- Pig production
Publication and Content Type
- art (subject category)
- ref (subject category)
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