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Tin-oxide nanoparticles deposited from a beam : what happens to the composition?

Tchaplyguine, M. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory,Lund Univ, MAX Lab, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Wright, C. (author)
Lund University,Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Synchrotron Radiat Res Div, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Shavorskiy, A. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory,Lund Univ, MAX Lab, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Zhu, S. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory,Lund Univ, MAX Lab, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Mikkelä, M. H. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,MAX IV-laboratoriet,MAX IV Laboratory,Lund Univ, MAX Lab, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Zhang, C. (author)
Uppsala universitet,Uppsala University,Institutionen för fysik och astronomi
Björneholm, O. (author)
Uppsala universitet,Uppsala University,Molekyl- och kondenserade materiens fysik
Mårsell, E. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Synkrotronljusfysik,Fysiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Synchrotron Radiation Research,Department of Physics,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Synchrotron Radiat Res Div, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Mikkelsen, A. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience,Annan verksamhet, LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Synkrotronljusfysik,Fysiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Other operations, LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Synchrotron Radiation Research,Department of Physics,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Synchrotron Radiat Res Div, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Sorensen, S. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Synkrotronljusfysik,Fysiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Universitetsledningen,Universitetets ledning och förvaltning,Synchrotron Radiation Research,Department of Physics,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,University Management,University Management and Central Administration,Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Synchrotron Radiat Res Div, Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
Hetherington, C. J.D. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience,Annan verksamhet, LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Centrum för analys och syntes,Kemiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Other operations, LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,Department of Chemistry,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Lund Univ, Ctr Anal & Synth, nCHREM, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
Wallenberg, L. R. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience,Annan verksamhet, LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Centrum för analys och syntes,Kemiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Other operations, LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,Department of Chemistry,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH,Lund Univ, Ctr Anal & Synth, nCHREM, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2019
2019
English 9 s.
In: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9084 .- 1463-9076. ; 21:11, s. 6287-6295
Related links:
http://dx.doi.org/10...
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https://lup.lub.lu.s...
https://doi.org/10.1...
https://urn.kb.se/re...
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • The debate around the oxidation states occurring in laboratory-prepared tin-oxide samples has been for a long time an obstacle for an unambiguous assignment of characterization studies performed on such samples. In particular the changes in the Sn core-level energies caused by oxidation - i.e. the chemical shifts - as measured by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) have been under discussion. The assignment problem is especially pronounced for nanoscale structures, which are important for photovoltaics, electronics, catalysis, and gas sensing. The reasons for the difficulties lie both in the natural properties of tin oxides, which can have substantial deficiencies of oxygen and tin in the lattice, and in the shortcomings of the fabrication and PES-characterization procedures themselves. Our recent PES study on tin-oxide nanoparticles fabricated by vapour-aggregation gave a chemical shift two times larger than earlier reported for Sn(iv) oxide for the Sn 4d level. The implemented fabrication technique forms an in-vacuum beam of particles whose composition can be both controlled and characterized by PES. In the present work SnO and SnO2 nanoparticles fabricated this way were deposited from the beam and probed by PES directly, as well as after exposure to air. The deposited nanoparticle films were also imaged by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). The effects of the deposition process and exposure to air on the chemical composition were studied. The PES study of deposited SnO2 nanoparticles in the Sn 4d and Sn 3d core-level regions revealed the same core level shift as for unsupported nanoparticles, indicating that the chemical composition is preserved in the deposition process. The TEM study demonstrated a crystalline structure of separate SnO2 particles with lattice constants close to the macroscopic Sn(iv)-oxide. The PES study on the particles exposed to air showed changes in the composition. For the film of initially SnO particles a higher intermediate oxide was created. For the SnO2 nanoparticle film a lower, but strong, intermediate oxide was observed, likely at the surface.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Kemi -- Fysikalisk kemi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Chemical Sciences -- Physical Chemistry (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences (hsv//eng)

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