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  • Trieu, KUniv New South Wales, Fac Med, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (author)

Biomarkers of dairy fat intake, incident cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: A cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis

  • Article/chapterEnglish2021

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2021-09-21
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS),2021

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  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:prod.swepub.kib.ki.se:147732700
  • http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:147732700URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003763DOI
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-457412URI

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  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • We aimed to investigate the association of serum pentadecanoic acid (15:0), a biomarker of dairy fat intake, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a Swedish cohort study. We also systematically reviewed studies of the association of dairy fat biomarkers (circulating or adipose tissue levels of 15:0, heptadecanoic acid [17:0], andtrans-palmitoleic acid [t16:1n-7]) with CVD outcomes or all-cause mortality.Methods and findingsWe measured 15:0 in serum cholesterol esters at baseline in 4,150 Swedish adults (51% female, median age 60.5 years). During a median follow-up of 16.6 years, 578 incident CVD events and 676 deaths were identified using Swedish registers. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher 15:0 was associated with lower incident CVD risk in a linear dose–response manner (hazard ratio 0.75 per interquintile range; 95% confidence interval 0.61, 0.93,P= 0.009) and nonlinearly with all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.03), with a nadir of mortality risk around median 15:0. In meta-analyses including our Swedish cohort and 17 cohort, case–cohort, or nested case–control studies, higher 15:0 and 17:0 but nott16:1n-7 were inversely associated with total CVD, with the relative risk of highest versus lowest tertile being 0.88 (0.78, 0.99), 0.86 (0.79, 0.93), and 1.01 (0.91, 1.12), respectively. Dairy fat biomarkers were not associated with all-cause mortality in meta-analyses, although there were ≤3 studies for each biomarker. Study limitations include the inability of the biomarkers to distinguish different types of dairy foods and that most studies in the meta-analyses (including our novel cohort study) only assessed biomarkers at baseline, which may increase the risk of misclassification of exposure levels.ConclusionsIn a meta-analysis of 18 observational studies including our new cohort study, higher levels of 15:0 and 17:0 were associated with lower CVD risk. Our findings support the need for clinical and experimental studies to elucidate the causality of these relationships and relevant biological mechanisms.

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  • Bhat, SUniv Western Australia, Sch Med, Crawley, Australia. (author)
  • Dai, ZLMacquarie Univ, Fac Med Hlth & Human Sci, Ctr Hlth Syst & Safety Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Univ Sydney, Sydney Pharm Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Univ Sydney, Charles Perkins Ctr, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (author)
  • Leander, KKarolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Cardiovasc & Nutr Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden. (author)
  • Gigante, BKarolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Cardiovasc Med Unit, Stockholm, Sweden. (author)
  • Qian, FHarvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. (author)
  • Korat, AVABrigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA. (author)
  • Sun, QBrigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA. (author)
  • Pan, XFUniv New South Wales, Fac Med, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia.;Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Epidemiol, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. (author)
  • Laguzzi, FKarolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Cardiovasc & Nutr Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden. (author)
  • Cederholm, TommyUppsala universitet,Klinisk nutrition och metabolism(Swepub:uu)tomce419 (author)
  • de Faire, UKarolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Cardiovasc & Nutr Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden. (author)
  • Marklund, MattiUppsala universitet,Karolinska Institutet,Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Unit Cardiovasc & Nutr Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden.,Klinisk nutrition och metabolism,Univ New South Wales, Fac Med, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia;Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.(Swepub:uu)matma701 (author)
  • Wu, JHYUniv New South Wales, Fac Med, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (author)
  • Risérus, Ulf,1967-Uppsala universitet,Klinisk nutrition och metabolism(Swepub:uu)ulfriser (author)
  • Marklund, M (author)
  • Univ New South Wales, Fac Med, George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia.Univ Western Australia, Sch Med, Crawley, Australia. (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:PLoS medicine: Public Library of Science (PLoS)18:9, s. e1003763-1549-16761549-1277

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