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  • King, CKarolinska Institutet (author)

Changes in non-communicable diseases, diet and exercise in a rural Bangladesh setting before and after the first wave of COVID-19

  • Article/chapterEnglish2022

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2022-09-30
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS),2022

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  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:prod.swepub.kib.ki.se:236962614
  • http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:236962614URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001110DOI

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  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is high in rural Bangladesh. Given the complex multi-directional relationships between NCDs, COVID-19 infections and control measures, exploring pandemic impacts in this context is important. We conducted two cross-sectional surveys of adults ≥30-years in rural Faridpur district, Bangladesh, in February to March 2020 (survey 1, pre-COVID-19), and January to March 2021 (survey 2, post-lockdown). A new random sample of participants was taken at each survey. Anthropometric measures included: blood pressure, weight, height, hip and waist circumference and fasting and 2-hour post-glucose load blood glucose. An interviewer-administered questionnaire included: socio-demographics; lifestyle and behavioural risk factors; care seeking; self-rated health, depression and anxiety assessments. Differences in NCDs, diet and exercise were compared between surveys using chi2 tests, logistic and linear regression; sub-group analyses by gender, age and socio-economic tertiles were conducted. We recruited 950 (72.0%) participants in survey 1 and 1392 (87.9%) in survey 2. The percentage of the population with hypertension increased significantly from 34.5% (95% CI: 30.7, 38.5) to 41.5% (95% CI: 38.2, 45.0; p-value = 0.011); the increase was more pronounced in men. Across all measures of self-reported health and mental health, there was a significant improvement between survey 1 and 2. For self-rated health, we observed a 10-point increase (71.3 vs 81.2, p-value = 0.005). Depression reduced from 15.3% (95% CI: 8.4, 26.1) to 6.0% (95% CI: 2.7, 12.6; p-value = 0.044) and generalised anxiety from 17.9% (95% CI: 11.3, 27.3) to 4.0% (95% CI: 2.0, 7.6; p-value<0.001). No changes in fasting blood glucose, diabetes status, BMI or abdominal obesity were observed. Our findings suggest both positive and negative health outcomes following COVID-19 lockdown in a rural Bangladeshi setting, with a concerning increase in hypertension. These findings need to be further contextualised, with prospective assessments of indirect effects on physical and mental health and care-seeking.

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Shaha, SK (author)
  • Morrison, J (author)
  • Ahmed, N (author)
  • Kuddus, A (author)
  • Pires, M (author)
  • Nahar, T (author)
  • Hossin, R (author)
  • Haghparast-Bidgoli, H (author)
  • Khan, AKA (author)
  • Davies, J (author)
  • Azad, K (author)
  • Fottrell, E (author)
  • Karolinska Institutet (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:PLOS global public health: Public Library of Science (PLoS)2:9, s. e0001110-2767-3375

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