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First Sagittarius A...
First Sagittarius A * Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way
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- Akiyama, Kazunori (author)
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Harvard University
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- Alberdi, Antxon (author)
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
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- Alef, Walter (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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show more...
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- Algaba, Juan-Carlos (author)
- University of Malaya
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- Anantua, Richard (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,Harvard University
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- Azulay, R. (author)
- Universitat de Valencia,Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Asada, K. (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Bach, U. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Baczko, A. K. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Ball, David (author)
- University of Arizona
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- Baloković, Mislav (author)
- Yale University
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- Barrett, John (author)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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- Bauböck, M. (author)
- University of Illinois
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- Benson, Bradford A. (author)
- University of Chicago
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- Bintley, Dan (author)
- East Asian Observatory
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- Blackburn, Lindy (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,Harvard University
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- Blundell, R. (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Bouman, K. L. (author)
- California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
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- Bower, G. C. (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan,University of Hawaii
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- Boyce, Hope (author)
- McGill University
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- Bremer, M. (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Brinkerink, C. D. (author)
- Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University
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- Brissenden, Roger (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,Harvard University
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- Britzen, Silke (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Broderick, Avery E. (author)
- University of Waterloo,Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
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- Broguière, D. (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Bronzwaer, Thomas (author)
- Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University
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- Bustamante, Sandra (author)
- University of Massachusetts
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- Byun, Do Young (author)
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute,University of Science and Technology (UST)
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- Carlstrom, J. E. (author)
- University of Chicago
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- Ceccobello, Chiara, 1984 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Chael, A. (author)
- Princeton University
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- Chan, Chi Kwan (author)
- University of Arizona
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- Chatterjee, Koushik (author)
- Harvard University,Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Chatterjee, S. (author)
- Cornell University
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- Chen, Ming Tang (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Chen, Yongjun (author)
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences
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- Cheng, Xiaopeng (author)
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
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- Cho, I. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
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- Christian, Pierre (author)
- Fairfield University
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- Conroy, Nicholas S. (author)
- University of Illinois,Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Conway, John, 1963 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Cordes, James M. (author)
- Cornell University
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- Crawford, Thomas M. (author)
- University of Chicago
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- Crew, G. (author)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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- Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro (author)
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main,Goethe University Frankfurt
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- Cui, Yuzhu (author)
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI),Shanghai Jiao Tong University,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Davelaar, Jordy (author)
- Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University,Flatiron Institute,Columbia University in the City of New York
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- De Laurentis, Mariafelicia (author)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare,National Institute for Nuclear Physics,Universita Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico Ii,University of Naples Federico II,Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main,Goethe University Frankfurt
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- Deane, R. P. (author)
- Universiteit van Pretoria,University of Pretoria,Rhodes University,University of Witwatersrand
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- Dempsey, Jessica (author)
- East Asian Observatory,Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)
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- Desvignes, Gregory (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),Observatoire de Paris,Paris Observatory
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- Dexter, Jason (author)
- University of Colorado at Boulder
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- Dhruv, Vedant (author)
- University of Illinois
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- Doeleman, S. (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,Harvard University
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- Dougal, Sean (author)
- University of Arizona
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- Dzib, Sergio A. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Eatough, Ralph P. (author)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences,Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Emami, Razieh (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Falcke, H.D. (author)
- Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University
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- Farah, Joseph R. (author)
- Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Inc,University of California
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- Fish, V. (author)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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- Fomalont, E. (author)
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory
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- Ford, H. Alyson (author)
- University of Arizona
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- Fraga-Encinas, R. (author)
- Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University
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- Freeman, William T. (author)
- Google Inc.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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- Friberg, P. (author)
- East Asian Observatory
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- Fromm, Christian M. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main,Goethe University Frankfurt,Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg,University of Würzburg
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- Fuentes, Antonio (author)
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
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- Galison, Peter (author)
- Harvard University
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- Gammie, Charles F. (author)
- University of Illinois
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- Gentaz, Olivier (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Georgiev, Boris (author)
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics,University of Waterloo
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- Garcia, Roberto (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Goddi, C. (author)
- Universita degli Studi di Cagliari,University of Cagliari,Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
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- Gold, R. (author)
- Syddansk Universitet,University of Southern Denmark,Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main,Goethe University Frankfurt
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- Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. (author)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia Mexico,National Council for Science and Technology Mexico,Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrońica (INAOE),National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (INAOE)
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- Gomez, J. L. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
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- Gu, Minfeng (author)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences
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- Gurwell, M. (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Hada, K. (author)
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI),National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Haggard, Daryl (author)
- McGill University
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- Haworth, Kari (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Hecht, Michael H. (author)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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- Hesper, R. (author)
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen
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- Heumann, Dirk (author)
- University of Arizona
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- Ho, Luis C. (author)
- Beijing University of Technology
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- Ho, P. T. P. (author)
- East Asian Observatory,Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Honma, M. (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
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- Huang, Chih Wei L. (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Huang, Lei (author)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences
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- Hughes, D. (author)
- Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrońica (INAOE),National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (INAOE)
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- Ikeda, Shiro (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,The Institute of Statistical Mathematics (ISM),National Astronomical Observatory of Japan,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
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- Impellizzeri, C. M. V. (author)
- Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL),National Radio Astronomy Observatory
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- Inoue, Makoto (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Issaoun, S. (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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James, David J. (author)
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- Jannuzi, Buell T. (author)
- University of Arizona
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- Janssen, Michael (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Jeter, Britton (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2022-05-12
- 2022
- English.
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In: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 930:2
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https://doi.org/10.3...
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Abstract
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- We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the Galactic center source associated with a supermassive black hole. These observations were conducted in 2017 using a global interferometric array of eight telescopes operating at a wavelength of λ = 1.3 mm. The EHT data resolve a compact emission region with intrahour variability. A variety of imaging and modeling analyses all support an image that is dominated by a bright, thick ring with a diameter of 51.8 ± 2.3 μas (68% credible interval). The ring has modest azimuthal brightness asymmetry and a comparatively dim interior. Using a large suite of numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the EHT images of Sgr A* are consistent with the expected appearance of a Kerr black hole with mass ∼4 × 106 M☉, which is inferred to exist at this location based on previous infrared observations of individual stellar orbits, as well as maser proper-motion studies. Our model comparisons disfavor scenarios where the black hole is viewed at high inclination (i > 50°), as well as nonspinning black holes and those with retrograde accretion disks. Our results provide direct evidence for the presence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, and for the first time we connect the predictions from dynamical measurements of stellar orbits on scales of 103-105 gravitational radii to event-horizon-scale images and variability. Furthermore, a comparison with the EHT results for the supermassive black hole M87* shows consistency with the predictions of general relativity spanning over three orders of magnitude in central mass.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Data- och informationsvetenskap -- Datorseende och robotik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Computer and Information Sciences -- Computer Vision and Robotics (hsv//eng)
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Akiyama, Kazunor ...
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Alberdi, Antxon
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Alef, Walter
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Algaba, Juan-Car ...
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Anantua, Richard
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Azulay, R.
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Asada, K.
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Bach, U.
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Baczko, A. K.
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Ball, David
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Baloković, Misla ...
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Barrett, John
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Bauböck, M.
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Benson, Bradford ...
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Bintley, Dan
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Blackburn, Lindy
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Blundell, R.
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Bouman, K. L.
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Bower, G. C.
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Boyce, Hope
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Bremer, M.
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Brinkerink, C. D ...
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Brissenden, Roge ...
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Britzen, Silke
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Broderick, Avery ...
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Broguière, D.
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Bronzwaer, Thoma ...
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Bustamante, Sand ...
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Byun, Do Young
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Carlstrom, J. E.
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Ceccobello, Chia ...
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Chael, A.
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Chan, Chi Kwan
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Chatterjee, Kous ...
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Chatterjee, S.
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Chen, Ming Tang
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Chen, Yongjun
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Cheng, Xiaopeng
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Cho, I.
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Christian, Pierr ...
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Conroy, Nicholas ...
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Conway, John, 19 ...
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Cordes, James M.
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Crawford, Thomas ...
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Crew, G.
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Cruz-Osorio, Ale ...
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Cui, Yuzhu
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Davelaar, Jordy
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De Laurentis, Ma ...
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Deane, R. P.
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Dempsey, Jessica
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Desvignes, Grego ...
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Dexter, Jason
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Dhruv, Vedant
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Doeleman, S.
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Dougal, Sean
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Dzib, Sergio A.
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Eatough, Ralph P ...
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Emami, Razieh
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Falcke, H.D.
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Farah, Joseph R.
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Fish, V.
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Fomalont, E.
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Ford, H. Alyson
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Fraga-Encinas, R ...
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Freeman, William ...
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Friberg, P.
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Fromm, Christian ...
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Fuentes, Antonio
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Galison, Peter
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Gammie, Charles ...
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Gentaz, Olivier
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Georgiev, Boris
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Garcia, Roberto
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Goddi, C.
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Gold, R.
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Gómez-Ruiz, Artu ...
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Gomez, J. L.
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Gu, Minfeng
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Gurwell, M.
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Hada, K.
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Haggard, Daryl
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Haworth, Kari
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Hecht, Michael H ...
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Hesper, R.
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Heumann, Dirk
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Ho, Luis C.
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Ho, P. T. P.
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Honma, M.
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Huang, Chih Wei ...
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Huang, Lei
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Hughes, D.
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Ikeda, Shiro
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Impellizzeri, C. ...
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Inoue, Makoto
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Issaoun, S.
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James, David J.
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Jannuzi, Buell T ...
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Janssen, Michael
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Jeter, Britton
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Physical Science ...
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and Astronomy Astrop ...
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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Chalmers University of Technology