Upland Livelihoods between Local Land and Global Labour Market Dependencies: Evidence from Northern Chin State, Myanmar

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Kmoch, Laura,1987Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology (author)

Upland Livelihoods between Local Land and Global Labour Market Dependencies: Evidence from Northern Chin State, Myanmar

Article/chapterEnglish2018

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2018-10-16
MDPI AG,2018
electronicrdacarrier

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:386f2f78-a373-4d81-a7d2-fcc511b025ca
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/507113URI
https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103707DOI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/506982URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

Livelihoods and agrarian change processes across upland South-East Asia have been explored for decades. Yet, knowledge gaps remain about contemporary livelihood strategies and land dependence in areas previously inaccessible to academic research, such as in upland Myanmar. Moreover, new strands of inquiry arise with continued globalisation, e.g., into the effects of remittances and labour migration on household incomes and livelihoods in distant upland areas. This study applied clustering techniques to income accounts of 94 households from northern Chin State, Myanmar to: (i) Identify households’ livelihood strategies; (ii) assess their dependence on access to land and natural resources; and (iii) compare absolute and relative incomes across strategies. We show that households engaged in six relatively distinct livelihood strategies: Relying primarily on own farming activities; making a living off the land with mixed income from agriculture and forest resources; engaging in wage employment; living from remittances; practicing non-forest tree husbandry; or engaging in self-employed business activities. We found significant income inequalities across clusters, with households engaging in remittance and wage-oriented livelihood strategies realizing higher incomes than those primarily involved in land-based activities. Our findings point to differentiated vulnerabilities associated with the identified livelihood strategies—to climate risks, shifting land-governance regimes and labour market forces.

Subject headings and genre

LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER Lantbruksvetenskap, skogsbruk och fiske Jordbruksvetenskap hsv//swe
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Agricultural Science hsv//eng
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Ekonomi och näringsliv Nationalekonomi hsv//swe
SOCIAL SCIENCES Economics and Business Economics hsv//eng
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Social och ekonomisk geografi Kulturgeografi hsv//swe
SOCIAL SCIENCES Social and Economic Geography Human Geography hsv//eng
forest income
agrarian change
remittances
cluster analysis
livelihood strategies
poverty
household income
swidden agriculture
Burma

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Palm, Matilda,1979Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)mpalm (author)
Persson, Martin,1976Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)mpersson (author)
Rudbeck Jepsen, Martin (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Sustainability: MDPI AG10:102071-1050

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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES: AGRICULTURAL SCI ...; and Agriculture Fore ...; and Agricultural Sci ...

SOCIAL SCIENCES: SOCIAL SCIENCES; and Economics and Bu ...; and Economics

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