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  • Pfeffer, M. A.Icelandic Meteorological Office (author)

Ground-Based measurements of the 2014-2015 holuhraun volcanic cloud (Iceland)

  • Article/chapterEnglish2018

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2018-01-18
  • MDPI AG,2018
  • electronicrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:4e0207b8-9b75-4be8-918d-bb1b98bd90c1
  • https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8010029DOI
  • https://research.chalmers.se/publication/500476URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

Part of subdatabase

Classification

  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

  • The 2014-2015 Bárðarbunga fissure eruption at Holuhraun in central Iceland was distinguished by the high emission of gases, in total 9.6 Mt SO 2 , with almost no tephra. This work collates all ground-based measurements of this extraordinary eruption cloud made under particularly challenging conditions: remote location, optically dense cloud with high SO 2 column amounts, low UV intensity, frequent clouds and precipitation, an extensive and hot lava field, developing ramparts, and high-latitude winter conditions. Semi-continuous measurements of SO 2 flux with three scanning DOAS instruments were augmented by car traverses along the ring-road and along the lava. The ratios of other gases/SO 2 were measured by OP-FTIR, MultiGAS, and filter packs. Ratios of SO 2 /HCl = 30-110 and SO 2 /HF = 30-130 show a halogen-poor eruption cloud. Scientists on-site reported extremely minor tephra production during the eruption. OPC and filter packs showed low particle concentrations similar to non-eruption cloud conditions. Three weather radars detected a droplet-rich eruption cloud. Top of eruption cloud heights of 0.3-5.5 km agl were measured with ground-and aircraft-based visual observations, web camera and NicAIR II infrared images, triangulation of scanning DOAS instruments, and the location of SO 2 peaks measured by DOAS traverses. Cloud height and emission rate measurements were critical for initializing gas dispersal simulations for hazard forecasting.

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Bergsson, BaldurIcelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Barsotti, S.Icelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Stefánsdóttir, GerðurIcelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Galle, Bo,1952Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)galle (author)
  • Arellano, Santiago,1981Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)arellano (author)
  • Conde Jacobo, Alexander Vladimir,1979Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)conde (author)
  • Donovan, AmyKing's College London (author)
  • Ilyinskaya, EvgeniaUniversity of Leeds (author)
  • Burton, MikeUniversity of Manchester (author)
  • Aiuppa, A.Universita degli Studi di Palermo,University of Palermo (author)
  • Whitty, Rachel C.W.University of Leeds (author)
  • Simmons, IslaUniversity of Edinburgh (author)
  • Arason, ÞórðurIcelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Jónasdóttir, Elín B.Icelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Keller, Nicole S.Environment Agency of Iceland (author)
  • Yeo, Richard F. (author)
  • Arngrímsson, HermannIcelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Jóhannsson, ÞorsteinnEnvironment Agency of Iceland (author)
  • Butwin, Mary K.Icelandic Meteorological Office,Háskóli Íslands,University of Iceland (author)
  • Askew, Robert A.Háskóli Íslands,University of Iceland (author)
  • Dumont, StéphanieUniversidade da Beira Interior,University of Beira Interior,Háskóli Íslands,University of Iceland (author)
  • Von Löwis, SibylleIcelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • Ingvarsson, ÞorgilsIcelandic Meteorological Office (author)
  • La Spina, AlessandroIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia,National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (author)
  • Thomas, HelenUniversity of Bristol (author)
  • Prata, Fred (author)
  • Grassa, FaustoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia,National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (author)
  • Giudice, G.Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia,National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (author)
  • Stefánsson, AndriHáskóli Íslands,University of Iceland (author)
  • Marzano, FrankUniversita degli Studi di Roma la Sapienza,Sapienza University of Rome (author)
  • Montopoli, MarioConsiglo Nazionale Delle Richerche (author)
  • Mereu, LuigiUniversita degli Studi di Roma la Sapienza,Sapienza University of Rome (author)
  • Icelandic Meteorological OfficeChalmers tekniska högskola (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Geosciences (Switzerland): MDPI AG8:12076-3263

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