Networks of urban interaction - Growth and centrality in the complex geography of urban activity

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Hellervik, Alexander,1978Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology (författare)

Networks of urban interaction - Growth and centrality in the complex geography of urban activity

BokEngelska2021

Förlag, utgivningsår, omfång ...

Gothenburg,2021
electronicrdacarrier

Nummerbeteckningar

LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:5bc4553d-05cb-4ea1-8f9d-74e700719c12
ISBN:9789179055677
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/526238URI

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Språk:engelska
Sammanfattning på:engelska

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How cities and regions grow and decline depend on technological, social and economic factors. Understanding the interplay of these forces is central in research efforts aiming to improve urban and transport planning. The purpose of this thesis is to explore how mathematical modelling and computer simulation can contribute to these efforts and a central aim is to achieve practically useful models with retained conceptual simplicity as well as correspondence to important empirical patterns. The approach combines a spatially fine-grained representation of land, with processes of urban interaction based on the theory of complex networks. Urban activity at a location is modelled as the sum of all economic interactions stemming from that location. The potentials for interactions and activity are deduced mainly from spatial constraints, such as transport networks and land use regulations. Concepts that are studied include urban growth, accessibility and urban agglomeration. For model validation, an extensive data set on Swedish land taxation values is used. These values are based on actual sales prices and rent levels and can thus be considered as reasonable proxies for urban economic activity. Comparisons are made between empirical data and model outcomes, both with regard to probability distributions and geographical distributions. The empirical probability distribution of land values is found to be well approximated by a power law, strengthening the case for modelling the system as a complex network based on a process of multiplicative growth. By combining these principles with spatial interaction mediated by a transport network, the preferential centrality model is formulated. The activity predictions generated by this model reproduces empirical geographical patterns of land values. The presented models provide explanatory links between the structure of transportation networks and the geographical distributions of urban economic activity. This makes them attractive as starting points for the further step of creating practically useful planning applications. For example, the models could be used to assess how specific transport infrastructure improvements influence urban expansion.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Social och ekonomisk geografi Ekonomisk geografi hsv//swe
SOCIAL SCIENCES Social and Economic Geography Economic Geography hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Annan naturvetenskap Övrig annan naturvetenskap hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Other Natural Sciences Other Natural Sciences not elsewhere specified hsv//eng
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Social och ekonomisk geografi Kulturgeografi hsv//swe
SOCIAL SCIENCES Social and Economic Geography Human Geography hsv//eng
accessibility
power law
urban activity
centrality
urban growth
transport infrastructure
spatial interaction
complex networks
Zipf’s law

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Chalmers tekniska högskola (creator_code:org_t)

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SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP: SAMHÄLLSVETENSKA ...; och Social och ekono ...; och Ekonomisk geogra ...

NATURVETENSKAP: NATURVETENSKAP; och Annan naturveten ...; och Övrig annan natu ...

SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP: SAMHÄLLSVETENSKA ...; och Social och ekono ...; och Kulturgeografi

Av lärosätet: Chalmers tekniska högskola

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