Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

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Flechard, Chris R.Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)

Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Article/chapterEnglish2020

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

2020-03-26
Copernicus GmbH,2020
electronicrdacarrier

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:651d0ad7-22b2-48e3-91f3-dc85a3c90480
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1583-2020DOI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/516514URI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/516571URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (N-r) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC/dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of N-r deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet N-r deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and N-r inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO3- leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BAS-FOR) modelling. Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from -70 to 826 gCm(-2) yr(-1) at total wet + dry inorganic N-r deposition rates (N-dep) of 0.3 to 4.3 gNm(-2) yr(-1) and from -4 to 361 g Cm-2 yr(-1) at N-dep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 gNm(-2) yr(-1) in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated N-dep where N-r leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable data on organic nitrogen and N-2 losses by denitrification. Nitrogen losses in the form of NO, N2O and especially NO3- were on average 27%(range 6 %-54 %) of N-dep at sites with N-dep < 1 gNm(-2) yr(-1) versus 65% (range 35 %-85 %) for N-dep > 3 gNm(-2) yr(-1). Such large levels of N-r loss likely indicate that different stages of N saturation occurred at a number of sites. The joint analysis of the C and N budgets provided further hints that N saturation could be detected in altered patterns of forest growth. Net ecosystem productivity increased with N-r deposition up to 2-2.5 gNm(-2) yr(-1), with large scatter associated with a wide range in carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE, defined as the NEP/GPP ratio). At elevated N-dep levels (> 2.5 gNm(-2) yr(-1)), where inorganic N-r losses were also increasingly large, NEP levelled off and then decreased. The apparent increase in NEP at low to intermediate N-dep levels was partly the result of geographical cross-correlations between N-dep and climate, indicating that the actual mean dC/dN response at individual sites was significantly lower than would be suggested by a simple, straightforward regression of NEP vs. N-dep.

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Ibrom, AndreasDanmarks Tekniske Universitet,Technical University of Denmark (author)
Skiba, Ute M.UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
de Vries, WimWageningen University and Research (author)
van Oijen, MarcelUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Cameron, David R.UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Dise, Nancy B.UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Korhonen, Janne F. J.Helsingin Yliopisto,University of Helsinki (author)
Buchmann, NinaEidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH),Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH) (author)
Legout, ArnaudInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)
Simpson, David,1961Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)simpson (author)
Sanz, Maria J.Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea,University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) (author)
Aubinet, MarcUniversite de Liège,University of Liège (author)
Loustau, DenisInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)
Montagnani, LeonardoForest Service of Autonomous Province of Bolzano,Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (author)
Neirynck, JohanResearch Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels (author)
Janssens, Ivan A.Universiteit Antwerpen,University of Antwerp (author)
Pihlatie, MariHelsingin Yliopisto,University of Helsinki (author)
Kiese, RalfKarlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT),Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) (author)
Siemens, JanJustus-Liebig-Universität Gießen,Justus Liebig University Giessen (author)
Francez, Andre-JeanUniversité de Rennes 1,University of Rennes 1 (author)
Augustin, JuergenLeibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF),Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) (author)
Varlagin, AndrejRussian Academy of Sciences (author)
Olejnik, JanuszPoznan University of Life Sciences (author)
Juszczak, RadoslawPoznan University of Life Sciences (author)
Aurela, MikaIllmatieteen Laitos,Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) (author)
Berveiller, DanielUniversité Paris-Sud XI,University of Paris-Sud XI (author)
Chojnicki, Bogdan H.Poznan University of Life Sciences (author)
Dammgen, UlrichJohann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei,Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries (author)
Delpierre, NicolasUniversité Paris-Sud XI,University of Paris-Sud XI (author)
Djuricic, VesnaMeteorological and Hydrological Service (author)
Drewer, JuliaUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Dufrene, EricUniversité Paris-Sud XI,University of Paris-Sud XI (author)
Eugster, WernerEidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH),Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH) (author)
Fauvel, YannickInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)
Fowler, DavidUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Frumau, ArnoudNederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO),Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) (author)
Granier, AndreInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)
Gross, PatrickInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)
Hamon, YannickInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE) (author)
Helfter, CaroleUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Hensen, ArjanNederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO),Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) (author)
Horvath, Laszlo (author)
Kitzler, Barbara (author)
Kruijt, BartWageningen University and Research (author)
Kutsch, Werner L.Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS ERIC) (author)
Lobo-do-Vale, RaquelUniversidade de Lisboa,University of Lisbon (author)
Lohila, AnnaleaIllmatieteen Laitos,Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI),Helsingin Yliopisto,University of Helsinki (author)
Longdoz, BernardGembloux Agro-Bio Tech (author)
Marek,Czech Academy of Sciences (author)
Matteucci, GiorgioConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR),National Research Council of Italy (CNR) (author)
Mitosinkova, MartaSlovak Hydrometeorological Institute (author)
Moreaux, VirginieInstitut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE),National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE),Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
Neftel, Albrecht (author)
Ourcival, Jean-MarcUniversité de Montpellier,University of Montpellier (author)
Pilegaard, KimDanmarks Tekniske Universitet,Technical University of Denmark (author)
Pita, GabrielInstituto Superior Tecnico (author)
Sanz, Francisco (author)
Schjoerring, Jan K.Köpenhamns universitet,University of Copenhagen (author)
Sebastia, Maria-TeresaUniversidad De Lleida (author)
Tang, Y. SimUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Uggerud, HildeNorsk institutt for luftforskning (NILU),Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) (author)
Urbaniak, MarekPoznan University of Life Sciences (author)
van Dijk, NettyUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Vesala, TimoHelsingin Yliopisto,University of Helsinki (author)
Vidic, SonjaMeteorological and Hydrological Service (author)
Vincke, CarolineUniversite catholique de Louvain (author)
Weidinger, TamasEötvös Loránd University (ELTE) (author)
Zechmeister-Boltenstern, SophieUniversität für Bodenkultur,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (author)
Butterbach-Bah, KlausKarlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT),Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) (author)
Nemitz, EikoUK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Sutton, Mark A.UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) (author)
Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE)Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Biogeosciences: Copernicus GmbH17:6, s. 1583-16201726-41701726-4189

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By the author/editor: Flechard, Chris ...; Ibrom, Andreas; Skiba, Ute M.; de Vries, Wim; van Oijen, Marce ...; Cameron, David R ...; show more...; Dise, Nancy B.; Korhonen, Janne ...; Buchmann, Nina; Legout, Arnaud; Simpson, David, ...; Sanz, Maria J.; Aubinet, Marc; Loustau, Denis; Montagnani, Leon ...; Neirynck, Johan; Janssens, Ivan A ...; Pihlatie, Mari; Kiese, Ralf; Siemens, Jan; Francez, Andre-J ...; Augustin, Juerge ...; Varlagin, Andrej; Olejnik, Janusz; Juszczak, Radosl ...; Aurela, Mika; Berveiller, Dani ...; Chojnicki, Bogda ...; Dammgen, Ulrich; Delpierre, Nicol ...; Djuricic, Vesna; Drewer, Julia; Dufrene, Eric; Eugster, Werner; Fauvel, Yannick; Fowler, David; Frumau, Arnoud; Granier, Andre; Gross, Patrick; Hamon, Yannick; Helfter, Carole; Hensen, Arjan; Horvath, Laszlo; Kitzler, Barbara; Kruijt, Bart; Kutsch, Werner L ...; Lobo-do-Vale, Ra ...; Lohila, Annalea; Longdoz, Bernard; Marek,; Matteucci, Giorg ...; Mitosinkova, Mar ...; Moreaux, Virgini ...; Neftel, Albrecht; Ourcival, Jean-M ...; Pilegaard, Kim; Pita, Gabriel; Sanz, Francisco; Schjoerring, Jan ...; Sebastia, Maria- ...; Tang, Y. Sim; Uggerud, Hilde; Urbaniak, Marek; van Dijk, Netty; Vesala, Timo; Vidic, Sonja; Vincke, Caroline; Weidinger, Tamas; Zechmeister-Bolt ...; Butterbach-Bah, ...; Nemitz, Eiko; Sutton, Mark A.; show less...

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