Folate and Bifidobacteria

Andlid, Thomas,1963Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology (author)

Folate is the generic term for a group of chemically related and biologically active forms of vitamin B9, needed by all organisms. Folic acid is the fully oxidized synthetic form of the vitamin. The chapter starts with nomenclature and chemical structure of folate forms followed by methodologies for extraction and chemical analysis of bacterial folate. Folates are unstable and susceptible to interconversion reactions so the special care needed to correctly determine folates in bacteria is discussed. Next follows folate biosynthesis, which happens commonly in plants and many microbes, including most bifidobacteria, but is absent in mammals, such as humans. Relevant genes, enzymes, and intermediate metabolites are described. Thereafter, the chapter continues to review folate metabolism, which describes cycling of different one-carbon units, using folate as vehicle, necessary for, for example, nucleic acid biosynthesis (purines and thymidine), amino acid homeostasis (glycine, serine, and methionine), and methylation of macromolecules, such as proteins and DNA, which includes epigenetic maintenance. Next follows a section on how biotechnology can be applied to produce high levels of microbial folate, to be used either as a food additive or as folate-producing probiotics. Finally, the main concerns and health implications from insufficient folate intake are described.

D’Aimmo, Maria R.Universita di Bologna,University of Bologna (author)
Jastrebova, JelenaSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för livsmedelsvetenskap,Department of Food Science,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU),Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)(Swepub:slu)51414 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskolaUniversita di Bologna (creator_code:org_t)
Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet

In:The Bifidobacteria and Related Organisms: Biology, Taxonomy, Applications, s. 195-2129780128050606

By the author/editor: Andlid, Thomas, ...; D’Aimmo, Maria R ...; Jastrebova, Jele ...

About the subject

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES: AGRICULTURAL SCI ...; and Agriculture Fore ...; and Food Science

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Microbiology

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Chemical Science ...; and Organic Chemistr ...

By the university: Chalmers University of Technology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

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