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Progress and challenges in electrically pumped GaN-based VCSELs

Haglund, Åsa, 1976 (författare)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Hashemi, Seyed Ehsan, 1986 (författare)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Bengtsson, Jörgen, 1968 (författare)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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Gustavsson, Johan, 1974 (författare)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Stattin, Martin, 1983 (författare)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Calciati, M. (författare)
Politecnico di Torino,Polytechnic University of Turin
Goano, M. (författare)
Politecnico di Torino,Polytechnic University of Turin
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 (creator_code:org_t)
SPIE, 2016
2016
Engelska.
Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 9892
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
Abstract Ämnesord
Stäng  
  • The Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) is an established optical source in short-distance optical communication links, computer mice and tailored infrared power heating systems. Its low power consumption, easy integration into two-dimensional arrays, and low-cost manufacturing also make this type of semiconductor laser suitable for application in areas such as high-resolution printing, medical applications, and general lighting. However, these applications require emission wavelengths in the blue-UV instead of the established infrared regime, which can be achieved by using GaN-based instead of GaAs-based materials. The development of GaN-based VCSELs is challenging, but during recent years several groups have managed to demonstrate electrically pumped GaN-based VCSELs with close to 1 mW of optical output power and threshold current densities between 3-16 kA/cm2. The performance is limited by challenges such as achieving high-reflectivity mirrors, vertical and lateral carrier confinement, efficient lateral current spreading, accurate cavity length control and lateral optical mode confinement. This paper summarizes different strategies to solve these issues in electrically pumped GaN-VCSELs together with state-of-the-art results. We will highlight our work on combined transverse current and optical mode confinement, where we show that many structures used for current confinement result in unintentionally optically anti-guided resonators. Such resonators can have a very high optical loss, which easily doubles the threshold gain for lasing. We will also present an alternative to the use of distributed Bragg reflectors as high-reflectivity mirrors, namely TiO2/air high contrast gratings (HCGs). Fabricated HCGs of this type show a high reflectivity (>95%) over a 25 nm wavelength span.

Ämnesord

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER  -- Elektroteknik och elektronik (hsv//swe)
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY  -- Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

HCG
optical guiding
Gallium Nitride
VCSEL
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
anti-guiding
GaN

Publikations- och innehållstyp

kon (ämneskategori)
ref (ämneskategori)

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