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  • Issaoun, S.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)

The Size, Shape, and Scattering of Sagittarius A∗ at 86 GHz: First VLBI with ALMA

  • Article/chapterEnglish2019

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2019-01-21
  • American Astronomical Society,2019

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:726829c1-f911-4d0d-be0c-82b5aac52c7a
  • https://research.chalmers.se/publication/508888URI
  • https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf732DOI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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Classification

  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

  • The Galactic center supermassive black hole Sagittarius A∗ (Sgr A∗) is one of the most promising targets to study the dynamics of black hole accretion and outflow via direct imaging with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). At 3.5 mm (86 GHz), the emission from Sgr A∗ is resolvable with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA). We present the first observations of Sgr A∗ with the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) joining the GMVA. Our observations achieve an angular resolution of ∼87 μas, improving upon previous experiments by a factor of two. We reconstruct a first image of the unscattered source structure of Sgr A∗ at 3.5 mm, mitigating the effects of interstellar scattering. The unscattered source has a major-axis size of 120 ±34 μas (12 ±3.4 Schwarzschild radii) and a symmetrical morphology (axial ratio of ), which is further supported by closure phases consistent with zero within 3σ. We show that multiple disk-dominated models of Sgr A∗ match our observational constraints, while the two jet-dominated models considered are constrained to small viewing angles. Our long-baseline detections to ALMA also provide new constraints on the scattering of Sgr A∗, and we show that refractive scattering effects are likely to be weak for images of Sgr A∗ at 1.3 mm with the Event Horizon Telescope. Our results provide the most stringent constraints to date for the intrinsic morphology and refractive scattering of Sgr A∗, demonstrating the exceptional contribution of ALMA to millimeter VLBI.

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Johnson, Michael D.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Blackburn, LindyHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Brinkerink, C. D.Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Mościbrodzka, M.Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Chael, A.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Goddi, C.Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL),Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Marti-Vidal, Ivan,1980Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)mivan (author)
  • Wagner, JanMax Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Doeleman, S.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Falcke, H.D.Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Krichbaum, T.P.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Akiyama, KazunoriMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),National Radio Astronomy Observatory (author)
  • Bach, U.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Bouman, K. L.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Bower, G. C.Academia Sinica Taiwan (author)
  • Broderick, Avery E.Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (author)
  • Cho, I.Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute,University of Science and Technology (UST) (author)
  • Crew, G.Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (author)
  • Dexter, JasonMax Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Fish, V.Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (author)
  • Gold, R.Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics,Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main,Goethe University Frankfurt (author)
  • Gomez, J. L.Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA) (author)
  • Hada, K.National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (author)
  • Hernández-Gómez, A.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM),Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico,Université de Toulouse,University of Toulouse (author)
  • Janßen, M.Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Kino, M.National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (author)
  • Kramer, M.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Loinard, L.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM),Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (author)
  • Lu, R.S.Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences,Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Markoff, S.Universiteit Van Amsterdam,University of Amsterdam (author)
  • Marrone, D. P.University of Arizona (author)
  • Matthews, L. D.Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (author)
  • Moran, J. M.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Müller, C.Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University,Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Roelofs, F.Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Ros, EduardoMax Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Rottmann, H.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Sanchez, S.Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) (author)
  • Tilanus, R. P. J.Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL),Radboud Universiteit,Radboud University (author)
  • Vicente, P.Observatorio de Yebes (IGN),Yebes Observatory (author)
  • Wielgus, M.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Zensus, A.J.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Zhao, G. Y.Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (author)
  • Harvard-Smithsonian Center for AstrophysicsRadboud Universiteit (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Astrophysical Journal: American Astronomical Society871:11538-43570004-637X

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