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  • Dent, W. R. F.Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA) (author)

GASPS-A Herschel Survey of Gas and Dust in Protoplanetary Disks: Summary and Initial Statistics

  • Article/chapterEnglish2013

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • IOP Publishing,2013

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:7541f35d-7d09-4b1e-a29c-62b831502756
  • https://research.chalmers.se/publication/180373URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1086/670826DOI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

  • We describe a large-scale far-infrared line and continuum survey of protoplanetary disk through to young debris disk systems carried out using the ACS instrument on the Herschel Space Observatory. This Open Time Key program, known as GASPS (Gas Survey of Protoplanetary Systems), targeted similar to 250 young stars in narrow wavelength regions covering the [OI] fine structure line at 63 mu m the brightest far-infrared line in such objects. A subset of the brightest targets were also surveyed in [OI]145 mu m, [CII] at 157 mu m, as well as several transitions of H2O and high-excitation CO lines at selected wavelengths between 78 and 180 mu m. Additionally, GASPS included continuum photometry at 70, 100 and 160 mu m, around the peak of the dust emission. The targets were SED Class II-III T Tauri stars and debris disks from seven nearby young associations, along with a comparable sample of isolated Herbig AeBe stars. The aim was to study the global gas and dust content in a wide sample of circumstellar disks, combining the results with models in a systematic way. In this overview paper we review the scientific aims, target selection and observing strategy of the program. We summarise some of the initial results, showing line identifications, listing the detections, and giving a first statistical study of line detectability. The [OI] line at 63 mu m was the brightest line seen in almost all objects, by a factor of similar to 10. Overall [OI]63 mu m detection rates were 49%, with 100% of HAeBe stars and 43% of T Tauri stars detected. A comparison with published disk dust masses (derived mainly from sub-mm continuum, assuming standard values of the mm mass opacity) shows a dust mass threshold for [OI] 63 mu m detection of similar to 10(-5) M-circle dot. Normalising to a distance of 140 pc, 84% of objects with dust masses >= 10(-5) M-circle dot can be detected in this line in the present survey; 32% of those of mass 10(-6)-10(-5) M-circle dot, and only a very small number of unusual objects with lower masses can be detected. This is consistent with models with a moderate UV excess and disk flaring. For a given disk mass, [OI] detectability is lower for M stars compared with earlier spectral types. Both the continuum and line emission was, in most systems, spatially and spectrally unresolved and centred on the star, suggesting that emission in most cases was from the disk. Approximately 10 objects showed resolved emission, most likely from outflows. In the GASPS sample, [OI] detection rates in T Tauri associations in the 0.3-4 Myr age range were similar to 50%. For each association in the 5-20 Myr age range, similar to 2 stars remain detectable in [OI]63 mu m, and no systems were detected in associations with age >20 Myr. Comparing with the total number of young stars in each association, and assuming a ISM-like gas/dust ratio, this indicates that similar to 18% of stars retain a gas-rich disk of total mass similar to 1 M-Jupiter for 1-4 Myr, 1-7% keep such disks for 5-10 Myr, but none are detected beyond 10-20 Myr. The brightest [OI] objects from GASPS were also observed in [OI]145 mu m, [CII]157 mu m and CO J = 18 - 17, with detection rates of 20-40%. Detection of the [CII] line was not correlated with disk mass, suggesting it arises more commonly from a compact remnant envelope.

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Thi, W. F.Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen,Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Kamp, I.Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen (author)
  • Williams, J. P.University of Hawaii (author)
  • Menard, F.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Andrews, S.Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
  • Ardila, D. R.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (author)
  • Aresu, G.Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen (author)
  • Augereau, J. C.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Barrado, D. (author)
  • Brittain, S.Clemson University (author)
  • Carmona, A.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Ciardi, D. R.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (author)
  • Danchi, W.NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (author)
  • Donaldson, J.University of Maryland (author)
  • Duchene, G.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University,University of California (author)
  • Eiroa, C.Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) (author)
  • Fedele, D.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
  • Grady, C. A.Eureka Scientific (author)
  • de Gregorio-Molsalvo, I.Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA) (author)
  • Howard, C. D.NASA Ames Research Center (author)
  • Huelamo, N. (author)
  • Krivov, A.Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena,Friedrich Schiller University Jena (author)
  • Lebreton, J.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Liseau, René,1949Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology(Swepub:cth)liseau (author)
  • Martin-Zaidi, C.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Mathews, G.University of Hawaii (author)
  • Meeus, G.Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) (author)
  • Mendigutia, I. (author)
  • Montesinos, B. (author)
  • Morales-Calderon, M. (author)
  • Mora, A.European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) (author)
  • Nomura, H.Kyoto University (author)
  • Pantin, E.Le Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA),The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) (author)
  • Pascucci, I.University of Arizona (author)
  • Phillips, N.Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA) (author)
  • Pinte, C.Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University (author)
  • Podio, L.Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA) (author)
  • Ramsay, S.European Southern Observatory (ESO) (author)
  • Riaz, B.University of Hertfordshire (author)
  • Riviere-Marichalar, P. (author)
  • Roberge, A.NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (author)
  • Sandell, G.NASA Ames Research Center (author)
  • Solano, E. (author)
  • Tilling, I.University of Edinburgh (author)
  • Torrelles, J. M.Universitat de Barcelona,University of Barcelona (author)
  • Vandenbusche, B.Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (author)
  • Vicente, S.Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen (author)
  • White, G. J.Open University,STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (author)
  • Woitke, P.University of St Andrews (author)
  • Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA)Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific: IOP Publishing125:927, s. 477-5050004-62801538-3873

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