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Herschel Measuremen...
Herschel Measurements of Molecular Oxygen in Orion
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Goldsmith, Paul F. (author)
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- Liseau, René, 1949 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Bell, Tom A. (author)
- Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
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- Black, John H, 1949 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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Chen, Jo-Hsin (author)
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- Hollenbach, David (author)
- SETI Institute
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- Kaufman, Michael J. (author)
- San Jose State University
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Li, Di (author)
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- Lis, D. (author)
- California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
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- Melnick, G. J. (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
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- Neufeld, D. A. (author)
- Johns Hopkins University
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- Pagani, Laurent (author)
- LERMA - Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matiere en Astrophysique et Atmospheres, France
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- Snell, Ronald (author)
- University of Massachusetts
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- Benz, A. O. (author)
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH),Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)
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- Bergin, E. A. (author)
- University of Michigan
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- Bruderer, S. (author)
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH),Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETH)
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- Caselli, P. (author)
- University of Leeds
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- Caux, E. (author)
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS),Université de Toulouse,University of Toulouse
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- Encrenaz, P. J. (author)
- LERMA - Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matiere en Astrophysique et Atmospheres, France
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- Falgarone, E. (author)
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS),Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL)
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- Gerin, M. (author)
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
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- Goicoechea, Javier R. (author)
- Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
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- Hjalmarson, Åke, 1939 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Larsson, Bengt, 1943 (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi
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- Le Bourlot, Jacques (author)
- LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories
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- Le Petit, Franck, 1975 (author)
- LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories
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- De Luca, Massimo (author)
- LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories
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- Nagy, Zsofia (author)
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen
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- Roueff, Evelyne (author)
- LUTH - Laboratoire de l'Univers et de ses Theories
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- Sandqvist, Aage (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi
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- van der Tak, F. F. S. (author)
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,University of Groningen
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- van Dishoeck, E. F. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL)
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- Vastel, Charlotte (author)
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS),Université de Toulouse,University of Toulouse
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- Viti, Serena (author)
- University College London (UCL)
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- Yildiz, U. A. (author)
- Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2011
- 2011
- English.
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In: Astrophysical Journal. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 737:2, s. 96 (1-17)
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- We report observations of three rotational transitions of molecular oxygen (O2) in emission from the H2 Peak 1 position of vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen in Orion. We observed the 487 GHz, 774 GHz, and 1121 GHz lines using the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far Infrared on the Herschel Space Observatory, having velocities of 11 km s–1 to 12 km s–1 and widths of 3 km s–1. The beam-averaged column density is N(O2) = 6.5 × 1016 cm–2, and assuming that the source has an equal beam-filling factor for all transitions (beam widths 44, 28, and 19''), the relative line intensities imply a kinetic temperature between 65 K and 120 K. The fractional abundance of O2 relative to H2 is (0.3-7.3) × 10–6. The unusual velocity suggests an association with a ~5'' diameter source, denoted Peak A, the Western Clump, or MF4. The mass of this source is ~10 Msun and the dust temperature is ≥150 K. Our preferred explanation of the enhanced O2 abundance is that dust grains in this region are sufficiently warm (T ≥ 100 K) to desorb water ice and thus keep a significant fraction of elemental oxygen in the gas phase, with a significant fraction as O2. For this small source, the line ratios require a temperature ≥180 K. The inferred O2 column density sime5 × 1018 cm–2 can be produced in Peak A, having N(H2) sime 4 × 1024 cm–2. An alternative mechanism is a low-velocity (10-15 km s–1) C-shock, which can produce N(O2) up to 1017 cm–2.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- astrochemistry
- interstellar molecules
- submillimeter
- interstellar medium
Publication and Content Type
- art (subject category)
- ref (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Goldsmith, Paul ...
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Liseau, René, 19 ...
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Bell, Tom A.
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Black, John H, 1 ...
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Chen, Jo-Hsin
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Hollenbach, Davi ...
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show more...
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Kaufman, Michael ...
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Li, Di
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Lis, D.
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Melnick, G. J.
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Neufeld, D. A.
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Pagani, Laurent
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Snell, Ronald
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Benz, A. O.
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Bergin, E. A.
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Bruderer, S.
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Caselli, P.
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Caux, E.
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Encrenaz, P. J.
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Falgarone, E.
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Gerin, M.
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Goicoechea, Javi ...
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Hjalmarson, Åke, ...
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Larsson, Bengt, ...
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Le Bourlot, Jacq ...
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Le Petit, Franck ...
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De Luca, Massimo
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Nagy, Zsofia
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Roueff, Evelyne
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Sandqvist, Aage
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van der Tak, F. ...
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van Dishoeck, E. ...
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Vastel, Charlott ...
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Viti, Serena
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Yildiz, U. A.
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Physical Science ...
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and Astronomy Astrop ...
- Articles in the publication
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Astrophysical Jo ...
- By the university
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Chalmers University of Technology
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Stockholm University