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I. A 3D externally ...
I. A 3D externally illuminated slab benchmark for dust radiative transfer
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- Gordon, K. D. (författare)
- Universiteit Gent,Ghent university,Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
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- Baes, Maarten (författare)
- Universiteit Gent,Ghent university
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- Bianchi, Simone (författare)
- Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri,Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
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- Camps, Peter (författare)
- Universiteit Gent,Ghent university
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- Juvela, M. (författare)
- Helsingin Yliopisto,University of Helsinki
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- Kuiper, R. (författare)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen,Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
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- Lunttila, Tuomas, 1978 (författare)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Misselt, K. A. (författare)
- University of Arizona
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- Natale, G. (författare)
- University of Central Lancashire
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- Robitaille, T. (författare)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Steinacker, J. (författare)
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS),Université Grenoble Alpes,Grenoble Alpes University,Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2017-07-19
- 2017
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 603, s. A114-
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Context. The radiative transport of photons through arbitrary three-dimensional (3D) structures of dust is a challenging problem due to the anisotropic scattering of dust grains and strong coupling between different spatial regions. The radiative transfer problem in 3D is solved using Monte Carlo or Ray Tracing techniques as no full analytic solution exists for the true 3D structures. Aims. We provide the first 3D dust radiative transfer benchmark composed of a slab of dust with uniform density externally illuminated by a star. This simple 3D benchmark is explicitly formulated to provide tests of the different components of the radiative transfer problem including dust absorption, scattering, and emission. Methods. The details of the external star, the slab itself, and the dust properties are provided. This benchmark includes models with a range of dust optical depths fully probing cases that are optically thin at all wavelengths to optically thick at most wavelengths. The dust properties adopted are characteristic of the diffuse Milky Way interstellar medium. This benchmark includes solutions for the full dust emission including single photon (stochastic) heating as well as two simplifying approximations: One where all grains are considered in equilibrium with the radiation field and one where the emission is from a single effective grain with size-distribution-averaged properties. A total of six Monte Carlo codes and one Ray Tracing code provide solutions to this benchmark. Results. The solution to this benchmark is given as global spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and images at select diagnostic wavelengths from the ultraviolet through the infrared. Comparison of the results revealed that the global SEDs are consistent on average to a few percent for all but the scattered stellar flux at very high optical depths. The image results are consistent within 10%, again except for the stellar scattered flux at very high optical depths. The lack of agreement between different codes of the scattered flux at high optical depths is quantified for the first time. Convergence tests using one of the Monte Carlo codes illustrate the sensitivity of the solutions to various model parameters. Conclusions. We provide the first 3D dust radiative transfer benchmark and validate the accuracy of this benchmark through comparisons between multiple independent codes and detailed convergence tests.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Multiple-Scattering
- Spectral Energy-Distributions
- Transfer Simulations
- Edge-On Galaxies
- radiative transfer
- Young Stellar Objects
- Infrared-Emission
- Galaxies
- methods: numerical
- Interstellar Clouds
- Starburst Galaxies
- ISM: general
- Transfer Code
- Spiral
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- art (ämneskategori)
- ref (ämneskategori)
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- Av författaren/redakt...
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Gordon, K. D.
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Baes, Maarten
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Bianchi, Simone
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Camps, Peter
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Juvela, M.
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Kuiper, R.
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Lunttila, Tuomas ...
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Misselt, K. A.
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Natale, G.
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Robitaille, T.
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Steinacker, J.
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Chalmers tekniska högskola