Sulfur dioxide in the mid-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-39b

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Powell, DianaHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics,University of Chicago (author)

Sulfur dioxide in the mid-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-39b

Article/chapterEnglish2024

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2024
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:fe4b75c9-f651-461f-8f38-9ff71c2b2d29
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/540145URI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07040-9DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

The recent inference of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere of the hot (approximately 1,100 K), Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b from near-infrared JWST observations1–3 suggests that photochemistry is a key process in high-temperature exoplanet atmospheres4. This is because of the low (<1 ppb) abundance of SO2 under thermochemical equilibrium compared with that produced from the photochemistry of H2O and H2S (1–10 ppm)4–9. However, the SO2 inference was made from a single, small molecular feature in the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b at 4.05 μm and, therefore, the detection of other SO2 absorption bands at different wavelengths is needed to better constrain the SO2 abundance. Here we report the detection of SO2 spectral features at 7.7 and 8.5 μm in the 5–12-μm transmission spectrum of WASP-39b measured by the JWST Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Low Resolution Spectrometer (LRS)10. Our observations suggest an abundance of SO2 of 0.5–25 ppm (1σ range), consistent with previous findings4. As well as SO2, we find broad water-vapour absorption features, as well as an unexplained decrease in the transit depth at wavelengths longer than 10 μm. Fitting the spectrum with a grid of atmospheric forward models, we derive an atmospheric heavy-element content (metallicity) for WASP-39b of approximately 7.1–8.0 times solar and demonstrate that photochemistry shapes the spectra of WASP-39b across a broad wavelength range.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Fysik Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Physical Sciences Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Fysik Atom- och molekylfysik och optik hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Physical Sciences Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics hsv//eng
Sulfur Dioxide
Extraterrestrial Environment
Atmosphere
Photochemistry
Light

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Feinstein, A. D.University of Chicago,University of Colorado at Boulder (author)
Lee, Elspeth K.H.Universität Bern,University of Bern (author)
Zhang, MichaelUniversity of Chicago (author)
Tsai, Shang MinUniversity of California (author)
Taylor, JakeUniversité de Montréal,University Of Oxford (author)
Kirk, J.Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (author)
Bell, TaylorNASA Ames Research Center (author)
Barstow, J.Open University (author)
Gao, Peter (author)
Bean, Jacob L.University of Chicago (author)
Blecic, JasminaNew York University Abu Dhabi (author)
Chubb, Katy L.University of St Andrews (author)
Crossfield, I. J.M.University of Kansas (author)
Jordan, SeanUniversity Of Cambridge (author)
Kitzmann, D.University of Colorado at Boulder (author)
Moran, Sarah E.University of Arizona (author)
Morello, Giuseppe,1989Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)(Swepub:cth)morellog (author)
Moses, Julianne I.Space Science Institute (author)
Welbanks, LuisArizona State University (author)
Yang, JeehyunCalifornia Institute of Technology (Caltech) (author)
Zhang, XiUniversity of California (author)
Ahrer, Eva MariaThe University of Warwick (author)
Bello-Arufe, AaronCalifornia Institute of Technology (Caltech) (author)
Brande, JonathanUniversity of Kansas (author)
Casewell, SarahUniversity Of Leicester (author)
Crouzet, N.Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL) (author)
Cubillos, P. E.Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF) (author)
Demory, B.O.Universität Bern,University of Bern (author)
Dyrek, A.Université Paris-Saclay,University Paris-Saclay (author)
Flagg, LauraCornell University (author)
Hu, RenyuCalifornia Institute of Technology (Caltech) (author)
Inglis, JulieCalifornia Institute of Technology (Caltech) (author)
Jones, K.Universität Bern,University of Bern (author)
Kreidberg, L.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
López-Morales, MercedesHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (author)
Lagage, P. O.Université Paris-Saclay,University Paris-Saclay (author)
Meier Valdes, E.Universität Bern,University of Bern (author)
Miguel, YamilaUniversiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL),Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON) (author)
Parmentier, VivienObservatoire de la Cote d'Azur (author)
Piette, Anjali A.A. (author)
Rackham, Benjamin V.Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (author)
Radica, MichaelUniversité de Montréal (author)
Redfield, S.Wesleyan University (author)
Stevenson, Kevin B.The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (author)
Wakeford, Hannah R.University of Bristol (author)
Aggarwal, KeshavIndian Institute of Technology (author)
Alam, Munazza K. (author)
Batalha, NatalieUniversity of California (author)
Batalha, Natasha E.NASA Ames Research Center (author)
Benneke, B.Université de Montréal (author)
Berta-Thompson, Zach K.University of Colorado at Boulder (author)
Brady, Ryan P.University College London (UCL) (author)
Caceres, ClaudioUniversidad Andrés Bello,Centro de Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines (CATA), (author)
Carter, Aarynn L.University of California (author)
Desert, J. M.Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy (author)
Harrington, JosephUniversity of Central Florida (UCF) (author)
Iro, NicolasDeutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR) (author)
Line, Michael R.Arizona State University (author)
Lothringer, Joshua D. (author)
MacDonald, Ryan J.University of Michigan (author)
Mancini, LuigiUniversita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata,University of Rome Tor Vergata,Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF),Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
Molaverdikhani, K.Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München,Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (author)
Mukherjee, SagnickUniversity of California (author)
Nixon, M. C.University of Maryland (author)
Oza, A. V.California Institute of Technology (Caltech) (author)
Palle, EnricInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (author)
Rustamkulov, ZafarJohns Hopkins University (author)
Sing, David K.Johns Hopkins University (author)
Steinrueck, Maria E.Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG) (author)
Venot, Olivia (author)
Wheatley, P. J.The University of Warwick (author)
Yurchenko, Sergey N.University College London (UCL) (author)
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for AstrophysicsUniversity of Chicago (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Nature626:8001, s. 979-9830028-08361476-4687

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By the author/editor: Powell, Diana; Feinstein, A. D.; Lee, Elspeth K.H ...; Zhang, Michael; Tsai, Shang Min; Taylor, Jake; show more...; Kirk, J.; Bell, Taylor; Barstow, J.; Gao, Peter; Bean, Jacob L.; Blecic, Jasmina; Chubb, Katy L.; Crossfield, I. J ...; Jordan, Sean; Kitzmann, D.; Moran, Sarah E.; Morello, Giusepp ...; Moses, Julianne ...; Welbanks, Luis; Yang, Jeehyun; Zhang, Xi; Ahrer, Eva Maria; Bello-Arufe, Aar ...; Brande, Jonathan; Casewell, Sarah; Crouzet, N.; Cubillos, P. E.; Demory, B.O.; Dyrek, A.; Flagg, Laura; Hu, Renyu; Inglis, Julie; Jones, K.; Kreidberg, L.; López-Morales, M ...; Lagage, P. O.; Meier Valdes, E.; Miguel, Yamila; Parmentier, Vivi ...; Piette, Anjali A ...; Rackham, Benjami ...; Radica, Michael; Redfield, S.; Stevenson, Kevin ...; Wakeford, Hannah ...; Aggarwal, Keshav; Alam, Munazza K.; Batalha, Natalie; Batalha, Natasha ...; Benneke, B.; Berta-Thompson, ...; Brady, Ryan P.; Caceres, Claudio; Carter, Aarynn L ...; Desert, J. M.; Harrington, Jose ...; Iro, Nicolas; Line, Michael R.; Lothringer, Josh ...; MacDonald, Ryan ...; Mancini, Luigi; Molaverdikhani, ...; Mukherjee, Sagni ...; Nixon, M. C.; Oza, A. V.; Palle, Enric; Rustamkulov, Zaf ...; Sing, David K.; Steinrueck, Mari ...; Venot, Olivia; Wheatley, P. J.; Yurchenko, Serge ...; show less...

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