Climate change-induced shifts in survival and size of the worlds' northernmost oviparous snake: A 68-year study

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Elmberg, JohanFaculty of Natural Science,Sustainable multifunctional landscapes,Department of Environmental Science,Fakulteten för naturvetenskap,Avdelningen för miljövetenskap (author)

Climate change-induced shifts in survival and size of the worlds' northernmost oviparous snake : A 68-year study

Article/chapterEnglish2024

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Public Library of Science,2024
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:researchportal.hkr.se/admin:publications/251ab71e-30b0-48f4-8346-3d89676b18d7
oai:researchportal.hkr.se/admin:publications/251ab71e-30b0-48f4-8346-3d89676b18d7URI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300363DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Copyright: © 2024 Elmberg et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Because of their dependence on ambient temperature ectothermic animals can serve as sentinels of conservation problems related to global warming. Reptiles in temperate areas are especially well suited to study such effects, as their annual and daily activity patterns directly depend on ambient temperature. This study is based on annual data spanning 68 years from a fringe population of Grass Snakes (Natrix natrix), which is the world's northernmost oviparous (egg-laying) reptile, and known to be constrained by temperature for reproduction, morphology, and behavior. Mark-recapture analyses showed that survival probability was generally higher in males than in females, and that it increased with body length. Body condition (scaled mass index) and body length increased over time, indicative of a longer annual activity period. Monthly survival was generally higher during winter (i.e., hibernation) than over the summer season. Summer survival increased over time, whilst winter survival decreased, especially duringrecent decades. Winter survival was lower when annual maximum snow depth was less than 15 cm, implying a negative effect of milder winters with less insulating snow cover. Our study demonstrates long-term shifts in body length, body condition and seasonal survival associated with a warming climate. Although the seasonal changes in survival ran in opposite directions and though changes were small in absolute terms, the trends did not cancel out, but total annual survival decreased. We conclude that effects of a warming climate can be diverse and pose a threat for thermophilic species in temperate regions, and that future studies should consider survival change by season, preferably in a long-term approach.

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Palmheden, LudvigSwedish Museum of Natural History (author)
Edelstam, CarlSwedish Museum of Natural History (author)
Hagman, MattiasStockholm University (author)
Kärvemo, SimonSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences (author)
Faculty of Natural ScienceSustainable multifunctional landscapes (creator_code:org_t)

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In:PLoS ONE: Public Library of Science19:31932-6203

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https://researchportal.hkr.se/ws/files/78804649/journal.pone.0300363.pdfFULLTEXT
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300363FULLTEXT
oai:researchportal.hkr.se/admin:publications/251ab71e-30b0-48f4-8346-3d89676b18d7
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300363

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By the author/editor: Elmberg, Johan; Palmheden, Ludvi ...; Edelstam, Carl; Hagman, Mattias; Kärvemo, Simon

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By the university: Kristianstad University College

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