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  • Cuijpers, P.Vrije University of Amsterdam, Netherlands EMGO Institute Health and Care Research, Netherlands (author)

Comparison of psychotherapies for adult depression to pill placebo control groups: a meta-analysis

  • Article/chapterEnglish2014

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • Cambridge University Press (CUP),2014
  • printrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:liu-106521
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106521URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713000457DOI
  • http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:128668346URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

Part of subdatabase

Classification

  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:for swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Background The effects of antidepressants for treating depressive disorders have been overestimated because of selective publication of positive trials. Reanalyses that include unpublished trials have yielded reduced effect sizes. This in turn has led to claims that antidepressants have clinically insignificant advantages over placebo and that psychotherapy is therefore a better alternative. To test this, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing psychotherapy with pill placebo. Method Ten 10 studies comparing psychotherapies with pill placebo were identified. In total, 1240 patients were included in these studies. For each study, Hedges g was calculated. Characteristics of the studies were extracted for subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results The effect of psychotherapy compared to pill placebo at post-test was g=0.25 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-0.36, I (2)=0%, 95% CI 0-58]. This effect size corresponds to a number needed to treat (NNT) of 7.14 (95% CI 5.00-12.82). The psychotherapy conditions scored 2.66 points lower on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) than the placebo conditions, and 3.20 points lower on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Some indications for publication bias were found (two missing studies). We found no significant differences between subgroups of the studies and in meta-regression analyses we found no significant association between baseline severity and effect size. Conclusions Although there are differences between the role of placebo in psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy research, psychotherapy has an effect size that is comparable to that of antidepressant medications. Whether these effects should be deemed clinically relevant remains open to debate.

Subject headings and genre

  • placebo; psychotherapy; Depression; meta-analysis
  • SOCIAL SCIENCES
  • SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Turner, E.H.Portland VA Medical Centre, OR USA Oregon Health and Science University, OR 97201 USA Oregon Health and Science University, OR 97201 USA (author)
  • C. Mohr, D.Northwestern University, IL 60611 USA (author)
  • Hofmann, S.G.Boston University, MA 02215 USA (author)
  • Andersson, GerhardKarolinska Institutet,Linköpings universitet,Psykologi,Filosofiska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)geran87 (author)
  • Berking, M.University of Marburg, Germany (author)
  • Coyne, J.University of Groningen, Netherlands (author)
  • Vrije University of Amsterdam, Netherlands EMGO Institute Health and Care Research, NetherlandsPortland VA Medical Centre, OR USA Oregon Health and Science University, OR 97201 USA Oregon Health and Science University, OR 97201 USA (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Psychological Medicine: Cambridge University Press (CUP)44:4, s. 685-6950033-29171469-8978

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