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Executive Processes Underpin the Bilingual Advantage on Phonemic Fluency : Evidence From Analyses of Switching and Clustering
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- Marsh, John E. (author)
- Högskolan i Gävle,Miljövetenskap,School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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- Hansson, Patrik (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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- Eriksson Sörman, Daniel (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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- 2019-06-12
- 2019
- English.
- In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 10
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- Bilinguals often show a disadvantage in lexical access on verbal fluency tasks wherein the criteria require the production of words from semantic categories. However, the pattern is more heterogeneous for letter (phonemic) fluency wherein the task is to produce words beginning with a given letter. Here, bilinguals often outperform monolinguals. One explanation for this is that phonemic fluency, as compared with semantic fluency, is more greatly underpinned by executive processes and that bilinguals exhibit better performance on phonemic fluency due to better executive functions. In this study, we re-analyzed phonemic fluency data from the Betula study, scoring outputs according to two measures that purportedly reflect executive processes: clustering and switching. Consistent with the notion that bilinguals have superior executive processes and that these can be used to offset a bilingual disadvantage in verbal fluency, bilinguals (35-65 years at baseline) demonstrated greater switching and clustering throughout the 15-year study period.
Subject headings
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Maskinteknik -- Produktionsteknik, arbetsvetenskap och ergonomi (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Mechanical Engineering -- Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics (hsv//eng)
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- bilingualism
- aging
- phonemic fluency
- executive function
- longitudinal study
- Engineering Psychology
- Teknisk psykologi
- Psychology
- no Strategic Research Area (SFO)
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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