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ACA CI observations...
ACA CI observations of the starburst galaxy NGC 253
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- Krips, M. (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Martin, S. (author)
- Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA),European Southern Observatory Santiago
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- Sakamoto, K. (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Aalto, Susanne, 1964 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Bisbas, T. G. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG),University of Florida
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- Bolatto, A. (author)
- University of Maryland
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- Downes, D. (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Eckart, A. (author)
- Universität zu Köln,University of Cologne
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- Feruglio, C. (author)
- Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
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- Burillo, S. G. (author)
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN),Spanish National Observatory (OAN)
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- Geach, J.E. (author)
- University of Hertfordshire
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- Greve, T. R. (author)
- University College London (UCL)
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- König, Sabine, 1983 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Matsushita, S. (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Neri, R. (author)
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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- Offner, S. (author)
- University of Massachusetts
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- Peck, A. B. (author)
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory
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- Viti, S. (author)
- University College London (UCL)
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- Wagg, J. (author)
- SKA Organisation
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2016-07-25
- 2016
- English.
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 592:L3
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Abstract
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- Context. Carbon monoxide (CO) is widely used as a tracer of the molecular gas in almost all types of environments. However, several shortcomings of CO complicate usaging it as H-2 tracer, such as its optical depth effects, the dependence of its abundance on metallicity, or its susceptibility to dissociation in highly irradiated regions. Neutral carbon emission has been proposed to overcome some of these shortcomings and hence to help revealing the limits of CO as a measure of the molecular gas. Aims. We aim to study the general characteristics of the spatially and spectrally resolved carbon line emission in a variety of extragalactic sources and evaluate its potential as complementary H-2 tracer to CO. Methods. We used the Atacama Compact Array to map the [CI](P-3(1)-P-3(0)) line emission in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 at unprecedented angular resolution (similar to 3 ''). This is the first well-resolved interferometric [CI] map of an extragalactic source. Results. We have detected the [CI] line emission at high significance levels along the central disk of NGC 253 and its edges where expanding shells have previously been found in CO. Globally, the distribution of the [CI] line emission strongly resembles that of CO, confirming the results of previous Galactic surveys that [CI] traces the same molecular gas as CO. However, we also identify a significant increase of [CI] line emission with respect to CO in (some of) the outflow or shocked regions of NGC 253, namely the bipolar outflow emerging from the nucleus. A first-order estimate of the [CI] column densities indicates abundances of [CI] that are very similar to the abundance of CO in NGC 253. Interestingly, we find that the [CI] line is marginally optically thick within the disk. Conclusions. The enhancement of the [CI]/CO line ratios (similar to 0.4-0.6) with respect to Galactic values (
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- submillimeter: galaxies
- galaxies: starburst
- galaxies: ISM
- galaxies: active
- galaxies: individual: NGC 253
Publication and Content Type
- art (subject category)
- ref (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Krips, M.
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Martin, S.
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Sakamoto, K.
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Aalto, Susanne, ...
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Bisbas, T. G.
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Bolatto, A.
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show more...
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Downes, D.
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Eckart, A.
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Feruglio, C.
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Burillo, S. G.
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Geach, J.E.
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Greve, T. R.
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König, Sabine, 1 ...
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Matsushita, S.
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Neri, R.
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Offner, S.
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Peck, A. B.
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Viti, S.
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Wagg, J.
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Chalmers University of Technology