Ancient Evolutionary Trade-Offs between Yeast Ploidy States

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Ancient Evolutionary Trade-Offs between Yeast Ploidy States

Zörgö, Enikö, 1968 (author): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology

Chwialkowska, Karolina (author): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology

Gjuvsland, A. B. (author)

Garre, Elena, 1978 (author): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology

Sunnerhagen, Per, 1959 (author): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology

Liti, G. (author)

Blomberg, Anders, 1956 (author): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology

Omholt, S. W. (author)

Warringer, Jonas, 1973 (author): Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology

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2013-03-21
2013
English.
In: Plos Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 9:3

Related links:: https://gup.ub.gu.se... (primary) (free); show more...; https://journals.plo...; https://gup.ub.gu.se...; https://doi.org/10.1...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

The number of chromosome sets contained within the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms is a fundamental yet evolutionarily poorly characterized genetic variable of life. Here, we mapped the impact of ploidy on the mitotic fitness of baker's yeast and its never domesticated relative Saccharomyces paradoxus across wide swaths of their natural genotypic and phenotypic space. Surprisingly, environment-specific influences of ploidy on reproduction were found to be the rule rather than the exception. These ploidy–environment interactions were well conserved across the 2 billion generations separating the two species, suggesting that they are the products of strong selection. Previous hypotheses of generalizable advantages of haploidy or diploidy in ecological contexts imposing nutrient restriction, toxin exposure, and elevated mutational loads were rejected in favor of more fine-grained models of the interplay between ecology and ploidy. On a molecular level, cell size and mating type locus composition had equal, but limited, explanatory power, each explaining 12.5%–17% of ploidy–environment interactions. The mechanism of the cell size–based superior reproductive efficiency of haploids during Li+ exposure was traced to the Li+ exporter ENA. Removal of the Ena transporters, forcing dependence on the Nha1 extrusion system, completely altered the effects of ploidy on Li+ tolerance and evoked a strong diploid superiority, demonstrating how genetic variation at a single locus can completely reverse the relative merits of haploidy and diploidy. Taken together, our findings unmasked a dynamic interplay between ploidy and ecology that was of unpredicted evolutionary importance and had multiple molecular roots.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Evolutionsbiologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Evolutionary Biology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Genetik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Genetics (hsv//eng)

Keyword

saccharomyces-cerevisiae
population genomics
gene-expression
mating-type
cell
fitness
duplication
mutations
diploidy
haploidy
r ha
1994
genetics
v136
p1475

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art (subject category)

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NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Evolutionary Bio ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Genetics

Articles in the publication: Plos Genetics

By the university: University of Gothenburg

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