Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs

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Fältnamn	Indikatorer	Metadata
000		10056naa a2201453 4500
001		oai:hhs.se:1160792150006056
003		SwePub
008		230609s2023 \| \|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|\|000 \|\|eng\|
024	7	a https://research.hhs.se/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Competition-and-moral-behavior-A-meta-analysis/9910015167991060562 URI
024	7	a https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.22155721202 DOI
040		a (SwePub)hhs
041		a engb eng
042		9 SwePub
072	7	a art2 swepub-publicationtype
072	7	a ref2 swepub-contenttype
100	1	a Brütt, Katharinau University of Amsterdam4 aut
245	1 0	a Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs
264	1	b National Academy of Sciences,c 2023
338		a electronic2 rdacarrier
506		a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
520		a Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneity-variation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneity-estimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designs-indicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis.
650	7	a SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAPx Ekonomi och näringslivx Nationalekonomi0 (SwePub)502012 hsv//swe
650	7	a SOCIAL SCIENCESx Economics and Businessx Economics0 (SwePub)502012 hsv//eng
650	7	a SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAPx Psykologix Psykologi0 (SwePub)501012 hsv//swe
650	7	a SOCIAL SCIENCESx Psychologyx Psychology0 (SwePub)501012 hsv//eng
700	1	a Weitzel, Utzu Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Netherlands, Amsterdam) - VU4 aut
700	1	a Kirchler, Michaelu Universität Innsbruck4 aut
700	1	a Huber, Christophu Vienna University of Economics and Business4 aut
700	1	a Dreber, Annau Stockholm School of Economics,Handelshögskolan i Stockholm4 aut0 (Swepub:hhs)1274@hhs.se
700	1	a Huber, Jürgenu University of Innsbruck4 aut
700	1	a Johannesson, Magnusu Stockholm School of Economics,Handelshögskolan i Stockholm4 aut0 (Swepub:hhs)198@hhs.se
700	1	a Abellán, Miguelu Leuphana University of Lüneburg4 aut
700	1	a Adayeva, Xeniyau HSE University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.4 aut
700	1	a Ay, Fehime Cerenu Telenor4 aut
700	1	a Barron, Kaiu Social Science Research Center Berlin4 aut
700	1	a Berry, Zachariahu New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations4 aut
700	1	a Bönte, Werneru University of Wuppertal4 aut
700	1	a Urbig, Diemou Indiana University Bloomington4 aut
700	1	a Vorlaufer, Tobiasu Osnabrück University4 aut
700	1	a Waibel, Joschkau University of Essex4 aut
700	1	a Woods, Danielu Universität Innsbruck4 aut
700	1	a Yakobi, Ofiru University of Waterloo4 aut
700	1	a Schmitz, Janu Radboud University Nijmegen4 aut
700	1	a Zaleskiewicz, Tomaszu University of Social Sciences and Humanities4 aut
700	1	a Zeisberger, Stefanu Radboud University Nijmegen4 aut
700	1	a Holzmeister, Felixu Universität Innsbruck4 aut
700	1	a Yilmaz, Onurcanu Kadir Has University4 aut
700	1	a Hafenbrädl, Sebastianu EAE Business School4 aut
700	1	a Handgraaf, Michelu AMS Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands4 aut
700	1	a Schneider, Florianu University of Zurich4 aut
700	1	a Schram, Arthuru University of Amsterdam4 aut
700	1	a Schudy, Simeonu Ifo Institute for Economic Research4 aut
700	1	a Schweitzer, Maurice Eu University of Pennsylvania4 aut
700	1	a Hart, Einavu George Mason University4 aut
700	1	a Hennig, Maxu University of Tübingen4 aut
700	1	a Hudja, Stantonu Baylor University4 aut
700	1	a Hanoch, Yanivu University of Southampton4 aut
700	1	a Hütter, Mandyu University of Tübingen4 aut
700	1	a Hyndman, Kyleu The University of Texas at Dallas4 aut
700	1	a Ioannidis, Konstantinosu University of Amsterdam4 aut
700	1	a Isler, Ozanu Queensland University of Technology4 aut
700	1	a Khadjavi, Menuschu Tinbergen Institute4 aut
700	1	a Jeworrek, Sabrinau Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg4 aut
700	1	a Jolles, Danielu University of Essex4 aut
700	1	a Juanchich, Marieu University of Essex4 aut
700	1	a Kc, Raghabendra Pratapu Rollins College4 aut
700	1	a Kugler, Tamaru University of Arizona4 aut
700	1	a Li, Shuwenu Shanghai Jiao Tong University4 aut
700	1	a Lucas, Brianu New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations4 aut
700	1	a Mak, Vincentu Cambridge School4 aut
700	1	a Mechtel, Mariou Leuphana University of Lüneburg4 aut
700	1	a Merkle, Christophu Aarhus University4 aut
700	1	a Meyers, Ethan Andrewu University of Waterloo4 aut
700	1	a Mollerstrom, Johannau George Mason University (United States, Fairfax)4 aut
700	1	a Nesterov, Alexanderu HSE University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.4 aut
700	1	a Neyse, Leventu Social Science Research Center Berlin4 aut
700	1	a Nieken, Petrau Karlsruhe Institute of Technology4 aut
700	1	a Nussberger, Anne-Marieu Max Planck Institute for Human Development4 aut
700	1	a Palumbo, Helenau Pompeu Fabra University4 aut
700	1	a Peters, Kimu University of Exeter4 aut
700	1	a Pirrone, Angelou London School of Economics and Political Science4 aut
700	1	a Qin, Xiangdongu Shanghai Jiao Tong University4 aut
700	1	a Rahal, Rima Mariau Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods (Germany, Bonn)4 aut
700	1	a Rau, Holgeru University of Göttingen4 aut
700	1	a Ronzani, Pierou International Security and Development Center4 aut
700	1	a Roth, Yefimu University of Haifa4 aut
700	1	a Rincke, Johannesu Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg4 aut
700	1	a Saral, Ali Seyhunu Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse4 aut
700	1	a Schwieren, Christianeu Heidelberg University4 aut
700	1	a Scopelliti, Ireneu City, University of London4 aut
700	1	a Sirota, Miroslavu University of Essex4 aut
700	1	a Sonnemans, Joepu University of Amsterdam4 aut
700	1	a Soraperra, Ivanu University of Amsterdam4 aut
700	1	a Spantig, Lisau RWTH Aachen University4 aut
700	1	a Steimanis, Ivou Philipps University of Marburg4 aut
700	1	a Steinmetz, Janinau City, University of London4 aut
700	1	a Suetens, Sigridu Tilburg University4 aut
700	1	a Theodoropoulou, Andrianau University of Essex4 aut
700	1	a Bulutay, Muhammedu Technische Universität Berlin4 aut
700	1	a Campos-Mercade, Polu University of Copenhagen4 aut
700	1	a Cardella, Ericu Texas Tech University4 aut
700	1	a Emery, Cécileu University of Exeter4 aut
700	1	a Claassen, Maria Almudenau University of Glasgow4 aut
700	1	a Cornelissen, Gertu Pompeu Fabra University (Spain, Barcelona) - UPF4 aut
700	1	a Dawson, Ian G Ju University of Southampton4 aut
700	1	a Freddi, Eleonorau Telenor (Norway, Sandvika)4 aut
700	1	a Fries, Tilmanu Social Science Research Center Berlin4 aut
700	1	a Gasiorowska, Agatau University of Social Sciences and Humanities4 aut
700	1	a Glogowsky, Ulrichu Johannes Kepler University of Linz4 aut
700	1	a M Gorny, Paulu Karlsruhe Institute of Technology4 aut
700	1	a Gretton, Jeremy Davidu University of Waterloo4 aut
700	1	a Grohmann, Antoniau Aarhus University4 aut
700	1	a Dimant, Eugenu University of Pennsylvania4 aut
700	1	a Delnoij, Joyceu Wageningen University & Research4 aut
700	1	a Demiral, Elif Eu Austin Peay State University4 aut
700	1	a Fiala, Lenkau University of Bergen4 aut
700	1	a Fiedler, Susannu Vienna University of Economics and Business (Austria, Vienna) - WU4 aut
700	1	a Doerflinger, Johannes Theodoru University of Konstanz4 aut
700	1	a Dold, Malteu Pomona College4 aut
710	2	a University of Amsterdamb Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Netherlands, Amsterdam) - VU4 org
773	0	t Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNASd : National Academy of Sciencesg 120:23q 120:23x 1091-6490x 0027-8424
856	4	u https://research.hhs.se/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Competition-and-moral-behavior-A-meta-analysis/991001516799106056x primaryx Object in context
856	4 8	u https://research.hhs.se/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Competition-and-moral-behavior-A-meta-analysis/991001516799106056
856	4 8	u https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2215572120

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