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  • Box, Jason E.Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark (author)

Key indicators of Arctic climate change: 1971–2017

  • Article/chapterEnglish2019

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2019-04-08
  • IOP Publishing,2019
  • electronicrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:970ebc83-92c9-4a34-95a1-372afdbb0291
  • https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/970ebc83-92c9-4a34-95a1-372afdbb0291URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aafc1bDOI
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-401153URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

Part of subdatabase

Classification

  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype
  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype

Notes

  • Key observational indicators of climate change in the Arctic, most spanning a 47 year period (1971–2017) demonstrate fundamental changes among nine key elements of the Arctic system. We find that, coherent with increasing air temperature, there is an intensification of the hydrological cycle, evident from increases in humidity, precipitation, river discharge, glacier equilibrium line altitude and land ice wastage. Downward trends continue in sea ice thickness (and extent) and spring snow cover extent and duration, while near-surface permafrost continues to warm. Several of the climate indicators exhibit a significant statistical correlation with air temperature or precipitation, reinforcing the notion that increasing air temperatures and precipitation are drivers of major changes in various components of the Arctic system. To progress beyond a presentation of the Arctic physical climate changes, we find a correspondence between air temperature and biophysical indicators such as tundra biomass and identify numerous biophysical disruptions with cascading effects throughout the trophic levels. These include: increased delivery of organic matter and nutrients to Arctic near‐coastal zones; condensed flowering and pollination plant species periods; timing mismatch between plant flowering and pollinators; increased plant vulnerability to insect disturbance; increased shrub biomass; increased ignition of wildfires; increased growing season CO2 uptake, with counterbalancing increases in shoulder season and winter CO2 emissions; increased carbon cycling, regulated by local hydrology and permafrost thaw; conversion between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; and shifting animal distribution and demographics. The Arctic biophysical system is now clearly trending away from its 20th Century state and into an unprecedented state, with implications not only within but beyond the Arctic. The indicator time series of this study are freely downloadable at AMAP.no.

Subject headings and genre

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Colgan, William T.Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
  • Christensen, TorbenLund University,Lunds universitet,BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system,Institutionen för naturgeografi och ekosystemvetenskap,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science,Aarhus University(Swepub:lu)ekol-tch (author)
  • Schmidt, Niels MartinAarhus University (author)
  • Lund, MagnusNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (Nibio),Aarhus University (author)
  • Parmentier, Frans-Jan W.Lund University,Lunds universitet,MERGE: ModElling the Regional and Global Earth system,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Institutionen för naturgeografi och ekosystemvetenskap,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science,University of Oslo(Swepub:lu)nate-fpm (author)
  • Brown, RossEnvironment Canada (author)
  • Bhatt, Uma S.University of Alaska Fairbanks (author)
  • Euskirchen, Eugénie S.University of Alaska Fairbanks (author)
  • Romanovsky, Vladimir E.University of Alaska Fairbanks (author)
  • Walsh, John E.University of Alaska Fairbanks (author)
  • Overland, James E.National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (author)
  • Wang, MuyinNational Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory,University of Washington, Seattle (author)
  • Corell, RobertGlobal Environment and Technology Foundation,University of Miami,UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø (author)
  • Meier, Walter N.University of Colorado (author)
  • Wouters, BertDelft University of Technology,Utrecht University (author)
  • Mernild, Sebastian H.University Of Magallanes,Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center,Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (author)
  • Mård, JohannaUppsala universitet,Uppsala University,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära(Swepub:uu)johma472 (author)
  • Pawlak, JanetArctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) (author)
  • Olsen, Morten SkovgaardDanish Ministry of Energy, Efficiency and Climate (author)
  • Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, DenmarkBECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Environmental Research Letters: IOP Publishing14:41748-9326

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