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Sökning: WFRF:(Kuhn Tilman) > (2022) > Naturvetenskap > Vegan Diet Is Assoc...

Vegan Diet Is Associated With Favorable Effects on the Metabolic Performance of Intestinal Microbiota: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Omics Study

Prochazkova, Magdalena (författare)
Budinska, Eva (författare)
Masarykova Univerzita,Masaryk University
Kuzma, Marek (författare)
Czech Academy of Sciences
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Pelantova, Helena (författare)
Czech Academy of Sciences
Hradecky, Jaromir (författare)
Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze,Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CULS)
Heczkova, Marie (författare)
Daskova, Nikola (författare)
Univerzita Karlova,Charles University
Bratova, Miriam (författare)
Modos, Istvan (författare)
Videnska, Petra (författare)
Masarykova Univerzita,Masaryk University
Splichalova, Petra (författare)
Masarykova Univerzita,Masaryk University
Sowah, Solomon A. (författare)
Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg,University Hospital Heidelberg,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ),German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
Kralova, Maria (författare)
Masarykova Univerzita,Masaryk University
Henikova, Marina (författare)
Selinger, Eliska (författare)
Klima, Krystof (författare)
Czech Academy of Sciences
Chalupsky, Karel (författare)
Czech Academy of Sciences
Sedlacek, Radislav (författare)
Czech Academy of Sciences
Landberg, Rikard, 1981 (författare)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Kühn, Tilman (författare)
Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg,University Hospital Heidelberg,Queen's University Belfast
Gojda, Jan (författare)
Cahova, Monika (författare)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2022-01-07
2022
Engelska.
Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-861X. ; 8
Relaterad länk:
https://research.cha... (primary) (free)
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https://www.frontier...
https://research.cha...
https://doi.org/10.3...
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  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
Abstract Ämnesord
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  • Background and Aim: Plant-based diets are associated with potential health benefits, but the contribution of gut microbiota remains to be clarified. We aimed to identify differences in key features of microbiome composition and function with relevance to metabolic health in individuals adhering to a vegan vs. omnivore diet. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved lean, healthy vegans (n = 62) and omnivore (n = 33) subjects. We assessed their glucose and lipid metabolism and employed an integrated multi-omics approach (16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling) to compare dietary intake, metabolic health, gut microbiome, and fecal, serum, and urine metabolomes. Results: The vegans had more favorable glucose and lipid homeostasis profiles than the omnivores. Long-term reported adherence to a vegan diet affected only 14.8% of all detected bacterial genera in fecal microbiome. However, significant differences in vegan and omnivore metabolomes were observed. In feces, 43.3% of all identified metabolites were significantly different between the vegans and omnivores, such as amino acid fermentation products p-cresol, scatole, indole, methional (lower in the vegans), and polysaccharide fermentation product short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, MCFAs), and their derivatives (higher in the vegans). Vegan serum metabolome differed markedly from the omnivores (55.8% of all metabolites), especially in amino acid composition, such as low BCAAs, high SCFAs (formic-, acetic-, propionic-, butyric acids), and dimethylsulfone, the latter two being potential host microbiome co-metabolites. Using a machine-learning approach, we tested the discriminative power of each dataset. Best results were obtained for serum metabolome (accuracy rate 91.6%). Conclusion: While only small differences in the gut microbiota were found between the groups, their metabolic activity differed substantially. In particular, we observed a significantly different abundance of fermentation products associated with protein and carbohydrate intakes in the vegans. Vegans had significantly lower abundances of potentially harmful (such as p-cresol, lithocholic acid, BCAAs, aromatic compounds, etc.) and higher occurrence of potentially beneficial metabolites (SCFAs and their derivatives).

Ämnesord

LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER  -- Lantbruksvetenskap, skogsbruk och fiske -- Livsmedelsvetenskap (hsv//swe)
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES  -- Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries -- Food Science (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Mikrobiologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Microbiology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Näringslära (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Nutrition and Dietetics (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

protein fermentation
short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)
vegan diet
omics signature
metabolic health

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art (ämneskategori)
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