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SO2, silicate clouds, but no CH4 detected in a warm Neptune

Dyrek, Achrène (author)
Min, Michiel (author)
Decin, Leen (author)
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Bouwman, Jeroen (author)
Crouzet, Nicolas (author)
Mollière, Paul (author)
Lagage, Pierre-Olivier (author)
Konings, Thomas (author)
Tremblin, Pascal (author)
Güdel, Manuel (author)
Pye, John (author)
Waters, Rens (author)
Henning, Thomas (author)
Vandenbussche, Bart (author)
Martinez, Francisco Ardevol (author)
Argyriou, Ioannis (author)
Ducrot, Elsa (author)
Heinke, Linus (author)
van Looveren, Gwenael (author)
Absil, Olivier (author)
Barrado, David (author)
Baudoz, Pierre (author)
Boccaletti, Anthony (author)
Cossou, Christophe (author)
Coulais, Alain (author)
Edwards, Billy (author)
Gastaud, René (author)
Glasse, Alistair (author)
Glauser, Adrian (author)
Greene, Thomas P. (author)
Kendrew, Sarah (author)
Krause, Oliver (author)
Lahuis, Fred (author)
Mueller, Michael (author)
Olofsson, Göran, 1944- (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi
Patapis, Polychronis (author)
Rouan, Daniel (author)
Royer, Pierre (author)
Scheithauer, Silvia (author)
Waldmann, Ingo (author)
Whiteford, Niall (author)
Colina, Luis (author)
van Dishoeck, Ewine F. (author)
Östlin, Göran, 1968- (author)
Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC)
Ray, Tom P. (author)
Wright, Gillian (author)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2024
2024
English.
In: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 625, s. 51-54
Related links:
https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • WASP-107b is a warm (approximately 740 K) transiting planet with a Neptune-like mass of roughly 30.5 M⊕ and Jupiter-like radius of about 0.94 RJ (refs. 1,2), whose extended atmosphere is eroding3. Previous observations showed evidence for water vapour and a thick, high-altitude condensate layer in the atmosphere of WASP-107b (refs. 4,5). Recently, photochemically produced sulfur dioxide (SO2) was detected in the atmosphere of a hot (about 1,200 K) Saturn-mass planet from transmission spectroscopy near 4.05 μm (refs. 6,7), but for temperatures below about 1,000 K, sulfur is predicted to preferably form sulfur allotropes instead of SO2 (refs. 8,9,10). Here we report the 9σ detection of two fundamental vibration bands of SO2, at 7.35 μm and 8.69 μm, in the transmission spectrum of WASP-107b using the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) of JWST. This discovery establishes WASP-107b as the second irradiated exoplanet with confirmed photochemistry, extending the temperature range of exoplanets exhibiting detected photochemistry from about 1,200 K down to about 740 K. Furthermore, our spectral analysis reveals the presence of silicate clouds, which are strongly favoured (around 7σ) over simpler cloud set-ups. Furthermore, water is detected (around 12σ) but methane is not. These findings provide evidence of disequilibrium chemistry and indicate a dynamically active atmosphere with a super-solar metallicity.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)

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