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Fractionation of heavy metals and assessment of contamination of the sediments of Lake Titicaca

Caceres Choque, Luis Fernando (author)
Ramos Ramos, Oswaldo E. (author)
KTH,Mark- och vattenteknik
Valdez Castro, Sulema N. (author)
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Choque Aspiazu, Rigoberto R. (author)
Choque Mamani, Rocio G. (author)
Fernandez Alcazar, Samuel G. (author)
Sracek, Ondra (author)
Bhattacharya, Prosun (author)
KTH,Mark- och vattenteknik
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2013-08-29
2013
English.
In: Environmental Monitoring & Assessment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6369 .- 1573-2959. ; 185:12, s. 9979-9994
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Chemical weathering is one of the major geochemical processes that control the mobilization of heavy metals. The present study provides the first report on heavy metal fractionation in sediments (8-156 m) of Lake Titicaca (3,820 m a.s.l.), which is shared by the Republic of Peru and the Plurinational State of Bolivia. Both contents of total Cu, Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Zn and also the fractionation of these heavy metals associated with four different fractions have been determined following the BCR scheme. The principal component analysis suggests that Co, Ni, and Cd can be attributed to natural sources related to the mineralized geological formations. Moreover, the sources of Cu, Fe, and Mn are effluents and wastes generated from mining activities, while Pb and Zn also suggest that their common source is associated to mining activities. According to the Risk Assessment Code, there is a moderate to high risk related to Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Co, and Ni mobilization and/or remobilization from the bottom sediment to the water column. Furthermore, the Geoaccumulation Index and the Enrichment Factor reveal that Zn, Pb, and Cd are enriched in the sediments. The results suggest that the effluents from various traditional mining waste sites in both countries are the main source of heavy metal contamination in the sediments of Lake Titicaca.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Annan geovetenskap och miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Other Earth and Related Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Enrichment factor
Heavy metals
Lake Titicaca
Sediments
Sequential extraction
Risk Assessment Code

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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