Functional characterization of DNase X, a novel endonuclease expressed in muscle cells

Los, Marek Jan (author): Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster, and German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Heidelberg, Germany

Neubuser, D. (author): Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster, and German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Heidelberg, Germany

Coy, J. F. (author): German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Heidelberg, Germany

Mozoluk, M. (author): Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster

Poustka, A. (author): German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Heidelberg, Germany

Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus (author): Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

(creator_code:org_t)

2000-05-31
2000
English.
In: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 39:25, s. 7365-7373

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Abstract Subject headings

The activation of endonucleases resulting in the degradation of genomic DNA is one of the most characteristic changes in apoptosis. Here, we report the characterization of a novel endonuclease, termed DNase X due to its X-chromosomal localization. The active nuclease is a 35 kDa protein with 39% identity to DNase I. When incubated with isolated nuclei, recombinant DNase X was capable of triggering DNA degradation at internucleosomal sites. Similarly to DNase I, the nuclease activity of DNase X was dependent on Ca2+ and Mg2+ and inhibited by Zn2+ ions or chelators of bivalent cations. Overexpression of DNase X caused internucleosomal DNA degradation and induction of cell death associated with increased caspase activation. Despite the presence of two potential caspase cleavage sites, DNase X was processed neither in vitro nor in vivo by different caspases. Interestingly, after initiation of apoptosis DNase X was translocated from the cytoplasm to the nuclear compartment and aggregated as a detergent-insoluble complex. Abundant expression of DNase X mRNA was detected in heart and skeletal muscle cells, suggesting that DNase X may be involved in apoptotic or other biological events in muscle tissues.

By the author/editor: Los, Marek Jan; Neubuser, D.; Coy, J. F.; Mozoluk, M.; Poustka, A.; Schulze-Osthoff, ...

About the subject

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Biochemistry and ...

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