Within-session effect of repeated stress exposure on extinction circuitry function in social anxiety disorder

Åhs, Fredrik (author): Karolinska Institutet,Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.,Uppsala Universitet; Karolinska Institutet

Gingnell, Malin, 1982- (author): Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Obstetrik & gynekologi,Uppsala Universitet

Furmark, Tomas (author): Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Uppsala Universitet

Fredrikson, Mats (author): Karolinska Institutet,Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi,Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.,Uppsala Universitet; Karolinska Institutet

(creator_code:org_t)

Elsevier BV, 2017
2017
English.
In: Psychiatry Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4927 .- 1872-7506. ; 261, s. 85-90

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Abstract Subject headings

Anxiety reduction following repeated exposure to stressful experiences is generally held to depend on neural processes involved in extinction of conditioned fear. We predicted that repeated exposure to stressful experiences would change activity throughout the circuitry serving extinction, including ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), the hippocampus and the amygdala. To test this prediction, 36 participants diagnosed with SAD performed two successive speeches in front of an observing audience while regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was recorded using positron emission tomography. To control for non-anxiolytic effects of repeated exposure, rCBF was also measured during repeated presentations of neutral and angry facial expressions. Results showed that anxiety ratings and heart rate decreased from the first to the second speech, indicating an anxiolytic effect of repeated exposure. Exposure attenuated rCBF in the amygdala whereas no change in rCBF was observed in the vmPFC or hippocampus. The rCBF-reductions in the amygdala were greater following repetition of the speech task than repetition of face exposure indicating that they were specific to anxiety attenuation and not due to a reduced novelty. Our findings suggest that amygdala-related attenuation processes are key to understanding the working mechanisms of exposure therapy.

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Neurologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Neurology (hsv//eng)

By the author/editor: Åhs, Fredrik; Gingnell, Malin, ...; Furmark, Tomas; Fredrikson, Mats

About the subject

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Basic Medicine; and Neurosciences

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Neurology

By the university: Mid Sweden University; Uppsala University; Karolinska Institutet

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