The familial co-aggregation of ASD and ADHD: a register-based cohort study

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The familial co-aggregation of ASD and ADHD : a register-based cohort study

Ghirardi, L. (author): Karolinska Institutet

Brikell, I. (author): Karolinska Institutet

Kuja-Halkola, R. (author): Karolinska Institutet

Freitag, C. M. (author): Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Franke, B. (author): Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Asherson, P. (author): MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK

Lichtenstein, P. (author): Karolinska Institutet

Larsson, Henrik, 1975- (author): Karolinska Institutet,Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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2017-02-28
2018
English.
In: Molecular Psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 23:2, s. 257-262

Related links:: https://doi.org/10.1...; show more...; https://www.nature.c...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.1...; http://kipublication...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur. The presence of a genetic link between ASD and ADHD symptoms is supported by twin studies, but the genetic overlap between clinically ascertained ASD and ADHD remains largely unclear. We therefore investigated how ASD and ADHD co-aggregate in individuals and in families to test for the presence of a shared genetic liability and examined potential differences between low- and high-functioning ASD in the link with ADHD. We studied 1 899 654 individuals born in Sweden between 1987 and 2006. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between clinically ascertained ASD and ADHD in individuals and in families. Stratified estimates were obtained for ASD with (low-functioning) and without (high-functioning) intellectual disability. Individuals with ASD were at higher risk of having ADHD compared with individuals who did not have ASD (odds ratio (OR)=22.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 21.77-22.92). The association was stronger for high-functioning than for low-functioning ASD. Relatives of individuals with ASD were at higher risk of ADHD compared with relatives of individuals without ASD. The association was stronger in monozygotic twins (OR=17.77, 95% CI: 9.80-32.22) than in dizygotic twins (OR=4.33, 95% CI: 3.21-5.85) and full siblings (OR=4.59, 95% CI: 4.39-4.80). Individuals with ASD and their relatives are at increased risk of ADHD. The pattern of association across different types of relatives supports the existence of genetic overlap between clinically ascertained ASD and ADHD, suggesting that genomic studies might have underestimated this overlap.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Neurologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Neurology (hsv//eng)

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By the author/editor: Ghirardi, L.; Brikell, I.; Kuja-Halkola, R.; Freitag, C. M.; Franke, B.; Asherson, P.; show more...; Lichtenstein, P.; Larsson, Henrik, ...; show less...

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Psychiatry

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Neurology

Articles in the publication: Molecular Psychi ...

By the university: Örebro University; Karolinska Institutet

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