Organophosphate flame retardants in heron eggs from upper Yangtze River basin, southwest China

Huang, Qinghui (author): Key Laboratory of Yangtze Estuary Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China

Wei, Lai (author): Key Laboratory of Yangtze Estuary Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

Bignert, Anders (author): Yibin Research Base of the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan Province, China; Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden

Ye, Hua (author): Yibin Research Base of the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan Province, China

Huang, Fei (author): Yibin Research Base of the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan Province, China

Qiu, Yanling (author): Key Laboratory of Yangtze Estuary Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China

Bergman, Åke, 1950- (author): Stockholms universitet,Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik,International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Urban Water System, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China; Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,MTM Research Centre,Institutionen för miljövetenskap och analytisk kemi,Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, China; Örebro University, Sweden

(creator_code:org_t)

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Abstract Subject headings

The egg samples of four heron species, including black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), little egret (Egretta garzetta), Chinese pond heron (Ardeola bacchus) and cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis), were collected from the upper Yangtze River (Changjiang) Basin, Southwest China in early summer of 2017. Nine out of ten target organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) were detected in these heron egg samples. The sum of concentrations of the PFRs quantified (∑PFRs) ranged from 63 to 590 pmol g-1 ww (18-185 ng g-1 ww) with a median value of 139 pmol g-1 ww (48 ng g-1 ww) among all samples. The median ∑PFRs in eggs of night herons (160 pmol g-1 ww) was higher than Chinese pond herons (median 121 pmol g-1 ww) and little egrets (median 109 pmol g-1 ww). In heron eggs, ∑PFRs were mainly contributed by tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP), tris (isobutyl) phosphate (TIBP), tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tri-2-methylphenyl phosphate (TMPP). Alkyl-PFRs accounted for approximately 28%-85% (median 57%) of the nine PFRs quantified while the rest is contributed by aryl-PFRs and chlorinated PFRs. Lower levels of PFRs in little egret eggs were found upstream than downstream of the Yangtze. In addition, the daily intakes of PFRs through ingestion of heron eggs were estimated at lower levels.

By the author/editor: Huang, Qinghui; Wei, Lai; Bignert, Anders; Ye, Hua; Huang, Fei; Qiu, Yanling; show more...; Bergman, Åke, 19 ...; show less...

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