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Sökning: id:"swepub:oai:DiVA.org:umu-99218" > Epidemiology of Vir...

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FältnamnIndikatorerMetadata
00004705naa a2200637 4500
001oai:DiVA.org:umu-99218
003SwePub
008150204s2015 | |||||||||||000 ||eng|
0247 a https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-992182 URI
0247 a https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.00000000000004782 DOI
040 a (SwePub)umu
041 a engb eng
042 9 SwePub
072 7a ref2 swepub-contenttype
072 7a art2 swepub-publicationtype
1001 a Cohen, Cheryl4 aut
2451 0a Epidemiology of Viral-associated Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Children < 5 Years of Age in a High HIV Prevalence Setting, South Africa, 2009-2012
264 1c 2015
338 a print2 rdacarrier
520 a Background: Data on the epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) from high HIV prevalence settings are limited. We aimed to describe LRTI hospitalizations among South African children aged < 5 years. Methods: We prospectively enrolled hospitalized children with physician-diagnosed LRTI from 5 sites in 4 provinces from 2009 to 2012. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for 10 viruses and blood for pneumococcal DNA. Incidence was estimated at 1 site with available population denominators. Results: We enrolled 8723 children aged < 5 years with LRTI, including 64% < 12 months. The case-fatality ratio was 2% (150/8512). HIV prevalence among tested children was 12% (705/5964). The overall prevalence of respiratory viruses identified was 78% (6517/8393), including 37% rhinovirus, 26% respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 7% influenza and 5% human metapneumovirus. Four percent (253/6612) tested positive for pneumococcus. The annual incidence of LRTI hospitalization ranged from 2530 to 3173/100,000 population and was highest in infants (8446-10532/100,000). LRTI incidence was 1.1 to 3.0-fold greater in HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected children. In multivariable analysis, compared to HIV-uninfected children, HIV-infected children were more likely to require supplemental-oxygen [odds ratio (OR): 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-1.7)], be hospitalized > 7 days (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 2.8-5.0) and had a higher case-fatality ratio (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 2.6-6.8). In multivariable analysis, HIV-infection (OR: 3.7, 95% CI: 2.2-6.1), pneumococcal coinfection (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1-5.6), mechanical ventilation (OR: 6.9, 95% CI: 2.7-17.6) and receipt of supplemental-oxygen (OR: 27.3, 95% CI: 13.2-55.9) were associated with death. Conclusions: HIV-infection was associated with an increased risk of LRTI hospitalization and death. A viral pathogen, commonly RSV, was identified in a high proportion of LRTI cases.
650 7a MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAPx Klinisk medicinx Pediatrik0 (SwePub)302212 hsv//swe
650 7a MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCESx Clinical Medicinex Pediatrics0 (SwePub)302212 hsv//eng
650 7a MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAPx Klinisk medicinx Infektionsmedicin0 (SwePub)302092 hsv//swe
650 7a MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCESx Clinical Medicinex Infectious Medicine0 (SwePub)302092 hsv//eng
650 7a MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAPx Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaperx Immunologi inom det medicinska området0 (SwePub)301102 hsv//swe
650 7a MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCESx Basic Medicinex Immunology in the medical area0 (SwePub)301102 hsv//eng
653 a pneumonia
653 a HIV
653 a AIDS
653 a children
653 a lower respiratory tract infection
653 a South Africa
7001 a Walaza, Sibongile4 aut
7001 a Moyes, Jocelyn4 aut
7001 a Groome, Michelle4 aut
7001 a Tempia, Stefano4 aut
7001 a Pretorius, Marthi4 aut
7001 a Hellferscee, Orienka4 aut
7001 a Dawood, Halima4 aut
7001 a Chhagan, Meera4 aut
7001 a Naby, Fathima4 aut
7001 a Haffejee, Summaya4 aut
7001 a Variava, Ebrahim4 aut
7001 a Kahn, Kathleenu Umeå universitet,Epidemiologi och global hälsa4 aut0 (Swepub:umu)kaka0045
7001 a Nzenze, Susan4 aut
7001 a Tshangela, Akhona4 aut
7001 a von Gottberg, Anne4 aut
7001 a Wolter, Nicole4 aut
7001 a Cohen, Adam L.4 aut
7001 a Kgokong, Babatyi4 aut
7001 a Venter, Marietjie4 aut
7001 a Madhi, Shabir A.4 aut
7102 a Umeå universitetb Epidemiologi och global hälsa4 org
7730 t The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journalg 34:1, s. 66-72q 34:1<66-72x 0891-3668x 1532-0987
8564 8u https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99218
8564 8u https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000478

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