Go with your gut: The human intestinal microbiota, international travel, Campylobacter and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae

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Kampmann, Christian,1975-Uppsala universitet,Klinisk mikrobiologi,Infektionskliniken, Skånes Universitetssjukhus, Lund (författare)

Go with your gut : The human intestinal microbiota, international travel, Campylobacter and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae

BokEngelska2021

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Uppsala :Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis,2021
91 s.
electronicrdacarrier

Nummerbeteckningar

LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-438449
ISBN:9789151311715
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-438449URI

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Språk:engelska
Sammanfattning på:engelska

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Ämneskategori:vet swepub-contenttype
Ämneskategori:dok swepub-publicationtype

Serie

Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine,1651-6206 ;1735

Anmärkningar

Vid intresse av att närvara digitalt, vänligen kontakta: christian.kampmann@medsci.uu.se för att få en länk.
Up to 100 million people travel annually from industrialized countries to resource-limited ones. Each traveller contains an internal ecosystem composed of tens of trillions of microbes, known as the intestinal microbiota, which has a large effect on health. The microbiota seems to be highly individual and mostly stable but can be significantly affected by several factors. Many international travellers are at high risk of getting infected by Campylobacter, the most common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. Campylobacter infection can cause a wide range of symptoms, with varying severity, for reasons largely unknown. Travel also radically increases the risk of colonization by antibiotic-resistant intestinal bacteria, notably Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE). To date, there are no therapies available for EPE-decolonization. In this thesis, it was investigated whether the bacterial intestinal microbiota affected susceptibility to Campylobacter and if international travel as such had an impact on the microbiota. In a prospective, observational study, 67 healthy Swedes, travelling in groups to countries with a high risk of Campylobacter infection, were followed. The travellers answered questionnaires and delivered two faecal samples before and three samples after the trip. These samples were cultured for enteropathogens and analysed for the microbiota composition. Low diversity of microbiota seemed to increase the risk of Campylobacter jejuni infection, whereas a high relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae might decrease the risk (Paper I). Furthermore, the overall bacterial diversity did not seem to change in connection with travelling. However, the bacterial family Enterobacteriaceae (otherwise connected with inflammation, infection and antibiotic-resistance) was shown to be dramatically increased in abundance immediately after travel, and the family Christensenellaceae (otherwise connected with beneficial health conditions) simultaneously decreased (Paper II). Eight travellers, from two different destinations, were infected with closely related C. jejuni isolates (ST353CC). The bacterial analysis of genomic and phenotypic characteristics revealed that the C. jejuni isolates of the travellers returning from one of the destinations and with more severe symptoms actually showed less pathogenic potential, compared to the isolates of travellers from the other destination and with milder symptoms. However, the travellers with more severe symptoms had much higher relative abundances of Bacteroidetes in their intestinal microbiota and, in contrast to the other travellers, excluded meat from their diet. (Paper III) Finally, we investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 80 established intestinal carriers of EPE, whether the oral probiotic product Vivomixx® could eradicate EPE. Vivomixx® was not superior to placebo (Paper IV).

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Gastroenterologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Infektionsmedicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Infectious Medicine hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Klinisk laboratoriemedicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Clinical Laboratory Medicine hsv//eng
travel
travellers´diarrhea
microbiota
Campylobacter
Campylobacter jejuni
ST353CC
colonization resistance
enteritis
infection
Enterobacteriaceae
Christensenellaceae
Lachnospiraceae
whole genome sequence
vegetarian
bacterial resistance
ESBL
Extended spectrum beta-lactamase
probiotics
intestinal decolonization
eradication treatment
Infektionssjukdomar
Infectious Diseases

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

Rautelin, Hilpi,ProfessorUppsala universitet,Klinisk mikrobiologi(Swepub:uu)hilra999 (preses)
Dicksved, Johan,DocentSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. Department of Animal Nutrition and Management (preses)
Engstrand, Lars,ProfessorKarolinska Institute, Stockholm. Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (preses)
Tham, Johan,DocentLund University. Clinical Microbiology and Clinical Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Malmö (preses)
Ursing, Johan,DocentDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institute (opponent)
Uppsala universitetKlinisk mikrobiologi (creator_code:org_t)

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