Identification of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and South American crops introduced during early settlement of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), as revealed through starch analysis

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Identification of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and South American crops introduced during early settlement of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), as revealed through starch analysis

Berenguer, Paloma (author): Univ Acad Humanismo Cristiano, Escuela Antropol Geog & Hist, Fac Ciencias Sociales, Santiago, Chile.

Clavero, Claudia (author): Univ Metropolitana Ciencias Educ, Fac Ciencias Bas, Nunoa, Chile.

Saldarriaga-Córdoba, Mónica (author): Univ Bernardo OHiggins, Ctr Invest Recursos Nat & Sustentabil CYRENIS, Santiago, Chile.

Rivera-Hutinel, Antonio (author): Univ Metropolitana Ciencias Educ, Fac Ciencias Bas, Nunoa, Chile.

Seelenfreund, Daniela (author): Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Quim & Farmaceut, Santiago, Chile.

Martinsson-Wallin, Helene, 1959- (author): Uppsala universitet,Arkeologi

Castañeda, Patricia (author): Univ Metropolitana Ciencias Educ, Fac Ciencias Bas, Nunoa, Chile.

Seelenfreund, Andrea (author): Univ Acad Humanismo Cristiano, Escuela Antropol Geog & Hist, Fac Ciencias Sociales, Santiago, Chile.

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Univ Acad Humanismo Cristiano, Escuela Antropol Geog & Hist, Fac Ciencias Sociales, Santiago, Chile Univ Metropolitana Ciencias Educ, Fac Ciencias Bas, Nunoa, Chile. (creator_code:org_t)

Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2024
2024
English.
In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 19:3

Related links:: https://doi.org/10.1...; show more...; https://uu.diva-port... (primary) (Raw object); https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.1...; show less...

Journal article (peer-reviewed)

Abstract Subject headings

Starch residue analysis was carried out on stone tools recovered from the bottom layer of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). These deposits have been dated to AD 1000–1300 AD and so far, represent the earliest evidence of human settlement on this island. Twenty obsidian tools were analyzed. Analysis of 46 starch grains recovered from 20 obsidian tools from the earliest dated level of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui provides direct evidence for translocation of traditional crop plants at initial stages of the colonization of this island. The analysis of starch grains was based mainly on statistical methods for species identification but was complemented by visual inspection in some cases. Our results identify taxons previously unknown to have been cultivated on the island, such as breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), Zingiber officinale (ginger), and starch grains of the Spondias dulcis and Inocarpus fagifer tropical trees. Additionally, starch grains of Colocasia esculenta (taro) and Dioscorea sp. (yam), both common species in Pacific agriculture, were identified. Furthermore, the presence of four American taxa Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato), Canna sp. (achira), Manihot esculenta (manioc), and Xanthosoma sp., was detected. The occurrence of Canna sp., M. esculenta, and Xanthosoma sp. starch grains suggests the translocation of previously not described South American cultivars into the Pacific. The detection of I. batatas from this site in Rapa Nui constitutes the earliest record of this cultigen in the Pacific. Our study provides direct evidence for translocation of a set of traditional Polynesian and South American crop plants at the initial stages of colonization in Rapa Nui.

Subject headings

HUMANIORA -- Historia och arkeologi -- Arkeologi (hsv//swe)
HUMANITIES -- History and Archaeology -- Archaeology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Biologisk systematik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Biological Systematics (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Botanik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Botany (hsv//eng)

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HUMANITIES: HUMANITIES; and History and Arch ...; and Archaeology

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Biological Syste ...

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Botany

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By the university: Uppsala University

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